Search USGS⌕ Search

Geology topics

Irving Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to Irving Friedman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
USGS1984

Comment on the International Atomic Energy Agency Report on the Advisory Group Meeting on Stable Isotope Reference Samples for Geochemical and Hydrological Investigation, Vienna, Austria, September 19-21, 1983

According to U.S. Geological Survey records, a report prepared by R. Gonfiantini summarizing the findings and recommendations of the 1983 Advisory Group Meeting on Stable Isotope Reference Samples for Geochemical and Hydrologic Investigations held in Vienna does not accurately represent the consultants ' consensus on three important points. The consultants (1) recommended no value for the C02-H20 oxygen isotope fractionation factor, not the cited value of 1.04115, (2) adopted a value of 1.0309 rather than 1.03086 to relate the PDB and SMOW scales, and (3) adopted a firm 180 value of -2.20% for NBS-19 on the PDB scale rather than agreeing that this would be a tentative value subject to modification when more measurements in selected laboratories are available. (USGS)

Water-Resources Investigations Report↗
USGS1981

Map showing the oxygen isotope composition of granitoid rocks of the Basin-Range province

This map presents oxygen suite of granitoid rocks from Province of Nevada, Utah, isotope data for a the Basin and Range California, and Arizona. Two random samples were collected each of two randomly selected plutons within 1° x 1° area. For this study, only the m.nnbered sample was analyzed except in instance when sample GR-128 was substituted its odd-numbered counterpart (CR-127), which lost.

Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah↗
USGS1980

Survey of helium in natural water wells and springs in southwest Montana and vicinity; Part II

This report is a continuation of the work on a helium survey presented in Open-File Report 80-181, which covered the period Sept., 1977 - June 30, 1979. Water samples were analyzed for helium collected from twelve springs and wells, of which four are new locations. A brief description of these stations is given in Table 1 and their location is shown on the map of Figure 1. Two springs (303 and 304) previously reported on do not appear in this report. Station 306 was discontinued after August 11.

Montana↗
USGS1978

Pleistocene rhyolite of the Mineral Mountains, Utah: Geothermal and archeological significance

Little-eroded rhyolitic tuffs, flows, and domes extend over about 25 km 2 along the western side of the Mineral Mountains, southwestern Utah, which is along the eastern edge of the Roosevelt KGBA (Known Geothermal Resource Area). Initial eruptions resulted in two low-viscosity lava flows of nonporphyritic rhyolite. These were followed by bedded pumice falls and nonwelded ash flows. The youngest activity produced at least nine viscous domes and small lava flows of rhyolite that contain 1-5 percent phenocrysts of quartz, plagioclase, sodic sanidine, and biotite; distinction between domes and eroded flow segments locally is difficult. Potassium-argon ages indicate that all the rhyolite of the Mineral Mountains was erupted between 0.8 and 0.5 m.y. ago. The rhyolite rests on dissected granite of the Mineral Mountains pluton, the largest intrusion in Utah, which has yielded published K-Ar ages of 9 and 15 m.y. A small older dissected rhyolite dome, about 8 m.y. old, occurs just west of the range front. Whether the young ages of the pluton represent time of intrusion or of later reheating, they, in conjunction with the Pleistocene rhyolite in the Mineral Mountains, do indicate a major late Cenozoic thermal anomaly, the size and age of which is significant to evaluation of the Roosevelt KGRA. The rhyolite is also the only known source of implement-grade obsidian in the southwest between eastern California and northern New Mexico.

Utah↗
USGS1977

Hydration dating of volcanism at Newberry Crater, Oregon

Obsidian hydration dating of pumice and obsidian from Newberry Crater, Oreg., shows that the postcaldera activity began about 6700 yr ago and that the latest major eruptive event occurred about 1400 yr B.P. Two of the hydration dates correlate with 14 C-dated pumice eruptions.

Oregon↗
USGS1976

Obsidian hydration dating and correlation of Bull Lake and Pinedale Glaciations near West Yellowstone, Montana

The ages of the last two glaciations near West Yellowstone, Montana, can be calculated by obsidian hydration techniques that are calibrated by K-Ar dating of obsidian-bearing lava flows. The average age of glacial abrasion of obsidian in the Pinedale terminal moraines is about 30,000 yr, with most age measurements between 20,000 and 35,000 yr. For the Bull Lake moraines, it is about 140,000 yr, with most measurements between 130,000 and 155,000 yr. This age for the Bull Lake moraines is also supported by geologic relations that show that the moraines are older than a rhyolite flow dated by K-Ar as 114,500 ± 7,300 yr old (lσ). These obsidian hydration ages of the Pinedale and Bull Lake Glaciations correlate well with the last two cold intervals of the marine record. The age determined for the Bull Lake Glaciation near West Yellowstone antedates the last interglaciation of the marine record, which is commonly correlated with the Sangamon Interglaciation. Our results suggest correlation of the Pinedale Glaciation near West Yellowstone with much or all of the Wisconsin Glaciation and of the Bull Lake with the late Illinoian. This differs with the commonly accepted correlation of the Pinedale with the late (“classical”) Wisconsin and of the Bull Lake with the early Wisconsin. The correlation of Bull Lake with late Illinoian appears equally or more compatible with traditional criteria for correlation, namely comparative soil development and degree of preservation of morainal morphology.

Wyoming, Montana, Idaho↗
USGS1976

A portable helium sniffer

A portable helium sniffer has been developed for field use. The instrument is mounted in a four-wheel-drive pickup truck and can detect 50 parts per billion of helium in soil gas. The usefulness of helium sniffing in soil is being investigated as a prospecting tool in gas, oil, uranium, and geothermal prospecting as well as in earthquake prediction.

Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey↗
USGS1975

Oats may grow better in water depleted in oxygen 18 and deuterium

WHILE growing oats at different temperatures in water of different 18 O and deuterium (D) abundances, we noticed that oats grown in Antarctic water in which is depleted in 18 O and D by −49‰ and −400‰, relative to standard mean ocean water (SMOW used as a comparative reference in hydrogen and oxygen isotope studies), showed initial growth 1–2 weeks sooner than did oats grown in water containing greater 18 O and D concentrations. The oats seemed to grow better in water which was most depleted in the stable isotopes throughout the growth period.

Nature↗