Uranium-bearing lignite beds at the Gamma property, Churchill County, Nevada
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Uraniferous quartz veins and deposits of other types occur in an area at least six miles long and three miles wide, along the East Walker River in Lyon County, Nevada. Most of the deposits are on the west side of the river. Six properties of areas were mapped, sampled, and tested radiometrically. These properties are: the Far West Willys group, North-west Willys group, West Willys group, Silver Pick property, Grant View hot springs, and the Boerlin ranch radioactive area. The East Walker River area is underlain by coarse-grained porphyritic granite. Cutting the granite are numerous aplite dikes and a few perthite-quartz pegmatites. Faulting was noted in a few places. Radioactive material has been found in the East Walker River area in deposits of four types: (1) quartz veins carrying small amounts of copper, lead, and silver minerals; (2) partly altered granite adjacent to quartz veins; (3) gouge zones, and (4) hot springs. The quartz vein deposits are the most abundant. The uranium minerals pitchblende and kasolite occur in the quartz veins, in aggregates and streaks associated with copper and silver minerals, galena, and barite. In many quartz veins abnormal radioactivity is absent or only locally present. Samples collected from quartz veins contained from 0.001 to 0.14 percent uranium; only five of 46 samples contained over 0.025 percent uranium. Partially altered granite adjacent to the quartz veins in the West Willys No. 7 property contains scattered torbernite, but the highest uranium content noted in deposits of this type was 0.006 percent. The third type of deposit is represented on the Silver Pick property, where a gouge zone of differing thickness contains scattered flakes of torbernite. Five samples from this deposit contained from 0.00.5 to 0.013 percent uranium. The Grant View hot spring is moderately radioactive near the point where it issues from the hillside. Laboratory analysis of both water and sand from this deposit shows little uranium content (0.02 parts per million), and little radioactivity, indicating that the radioactivity is due to some short-lived daughter product, probably radon . The uraniferous material found to date in the area is of too low a grade and small a size to be of present value.
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The known quantity of helium in the Texas Panhandle gas reservoir is greater than could be explained by assuming normal geologic conditions. Radon content of the gas varies between about 10 and 250 micromicrocuries per liter (S. T. P.), and the more highly radioactive wells are clustered in several groups. Mathematical analysis indicates that the larger concentrations of radon could not be derived from rocks of normal radioactivity.
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A study of the hydrologic properties and geologic relations of the ore-bearing sandstone in the Salt Wash sandstone member of the Morrison formation has been undertaken because uranium and vanadium are believed to have been introduced into the sandstone by circulating ground water. This report describes the geologic and hydrologic characteristics of the ore-bearing sandstone as determined in the core samples from three diamond-drill holes on Calamity Mesa, Mesa County, Colo., and correlates these data with localized gamma-ray activity detected in the three drill holes. These data are illustrated on figure 1 by the combined geologic, permeability, porosity, and gamma-ray logs. This study is part of the program of geologic studies on the Colorado Plateau conducted by the Geological Survey on behalf of the Atomic Energy Commission. This preliminary report describing the results of this study has benefited from the suggestions and criticisms of L. B. Riley of the Geological Survey.
Two geobotanical methods of prospecting have been applied to the search for uranium deposits in the Yellow Cat district, Grand County, Utah. The first method is based on the absorption and accumulation of uranium by plants from underlying uranium deposits. To demonstrate this method, several hundred samples of Juniperus monosperma, Atriplex confert ifolia, and Cowania mexicana were collected in the district and analyzed for their uranium content. Plants containing significant amounts of uranium are considered to indicate mineralized ground. The second method of prospecting is based on the relation of selenium-indicator plants of the genera Astragalus and Stanleya to mineralized ground. Chemical analyses show that selenium is associated with the uranium and vanadium in the ore deposits. Distribution maps of the selenium-indicator plants, Astragalus confertiflorus. A. Pattersonii, A. Preussii var. arctus, and Stanleya pinnata, are included in this report. Outlines of favorable ground in the Yellow Cat district determined by these data are drawn on the maps.
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