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Search indexed USGS publications on groundwater, aquifers, geologic maps, mineral resources and earthquakes. Explore source records by subject and place.

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At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
USGS2000

Three-month performance evaluation of the Nanometrics, Inc., Libra Satellite Seismograph System in the northern California Seismic Network

In 1999 the Northern California Seismic Network (NCSN) purchased a Libra satellite seismograph system from Nanometrics, Inc to assess whether this technology was a cost-effective and robust replacement for their analog microwave system. The system was purchased subject to it meeting the requirements, criteria and tests described in Appendix A. In early 2000, Nanometrics began delivery of various components of the system, such as the hub and remote satellite dish and mounting hardware, and the NCSN installed and assembled most equipment in advance of the arrival of Nanometrics engineers to facilitate the configuration of the system. The hub was installed in its permanent location, but for logistical reasons the "remote" satellite hardware was initially configured at the NCSN for testing. During the first week of April Nanometrics engineers came to Menlo Park to configure the system and train NCSN staff. The two dishes were aligned with the satellite, and the system was fully operational in 2 days with little problem. Nanometrics engineers spent the remaining 3 days providing hands-on training to NCSN staff in hardware/software operation, configuration, and maintenance. During the second week of April 2000, NCSN staff moved the entire remote system of digitizers, dish assembly, and mounting hardware to Mammoth Lakes, California. The system was reinstalled at the Mammoth Lakes water treatment plant and communications successfully reestablished with the hub via the satellite on 14 April 2000. The system has been in continuous operation since then. This report reviews the performance of the Libra system for the three-month period 20 April 2000 through 20 July 2000. The purpose of the report is to assess whether the system passed the acceptance tests described in Appendix A. We examine all data gaps reported by NCSN "gap list" software and discuss their cause.

Open-File Report↗
USGS2001

Assessment of the sand and gravel resources of the Lower Boise River Valley area, Idaho: Part one: Geological framework of the sand and gravel deposits

The USGS has undertaken a first order evaluation of sand & gravel resources in the Lower Boise River Valley in response to rapid urban expansion in the Boise-Nampa-Caldwell corridor in southwest Idaho. The study is intended to provide land-use planners and managers, particularly in the Bureau of Land Management, with a foundation of knowledge that will allow them to anticipate and plan for demand for and development of sand and gravel resources on public lands in response to the urban growth. Attributes under study include: regional geology of both alluvial source areas as well as deposits; fluvial processes that led to deposition of the sand and gravel deposits; spatial distribution of the deposits; quantity and quality of materials in the deposits; and the suitability of the deposits for a range of applications. The study will also examine and attempt to model the association between fluvial processes, deposit characteristics, and physical specifications for various applications of sand and gravel. The results will be presented in a series of sand and gravel assessment reports of which this is the first.

Idaho↗
USGS2008

Technical Review of Water-Resources Investigations of the Tule Desert, Lincoln County, Southern Nevada

The Nevada State Engineer in Ruling No. 5181 required Lincoln County and Vidler Water Company, Inc., to provide results from additional water-resources studies of Tule Desert in southern Nevada to support water-rights application 64692. As outlined by the ruling, the additional studies were to include the determination of the amount of ground water available from the Tule Desert basin, ground-water recharge to the Tule Desert, and the direction of ground-water flow. Results of these additional studies were published in five reports prepared for Lincoln County and Vidler Water Company, Inc. The National Park Service formally requested that the U.S. Geological Survey provide technical reviews of these five reports. The Nevada State Engineer in Ruling No. 5181 required Lincoln County and Vidler Water Company, Inc., to provide results from additional water-resources studies of Tule Desert in southern Nevada to support water-rights application 64692. As outlined by the ruling, the additional studies were to include the determination of the amount of ground water available from the Tule Desert basin, ground-water recharge to the Tule Desert, and the direction of ground-water flow. Results of these additional studies were published in five reports prepared for Lincoln County and Vidler Water Company, Inc. The National Park Service formally requested that the U.S. Geological Survey provide technical reviews of these five reports.

Open-File Report↗
USGS2011

A critical review of published coal quality data from the southwestern part of the Powder River Basin, Wyoming

A review of publicly available coal quality data during the coal resource assessment of the southwestern part of the Powder River Basin, Wyoming (SWPRB), revealed significant problems and limitations with those data. Subsequent citations of data from original sources often omitted important information, such as moisture integrity and information needed to evaluate the issue of representativeness. Occasionally, only selected data were quoted, and some data were misquoted. Therefore, it was important to try to resolve issues concerning both the accuracy and representativeness of each available dataset. The review processes demonstrated why it is always preferable to research and evaluate the circumstances regarding the sampling and analytical methodology from the original data sources when evaluating coal quality information, particularly if only limited data are available. Use of the available published data at face value would have significantly overestimated the coal quality for all the coal fields from both the Fort Union and Wasatch Formations in the SWPRB assessment area. However, by using the sampling and analytical information from the original reports, it was possible to make reasonable adjustments to reported data to derive more realistic estimates of coal quality.

Wyoming↗
USGS2014

National Land Imaging Requirements (NLIR) Pilot Project summary report: Summary of moderate resolution imaging user requirements

Under the National Land Imaging Requirements (NLIR) Project, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is developing a functional capability to obtain, characterize, manage, maintain and prioritize all Earth observing (EO) land remote sensing user requirements. The goal is a better understanding of community needs that can be supported with land remote sensing resources, and a means to match needs with appropriate solutions in an effective and efficient way. The NLIR Project is composed of two components. The first component is focused on the development of the Earth Observation Requirements Evaluation System (EORES) to capture, store and analyze user requirements, whereas, the second component is the mechanism and processes to elicit and document the user requirements that will populate the EORES. To develop the second component, the requirements elicitation methodology was exercised and refined through a pilot project conducted from June to September 2013. The pilot project focused specifically on applications and user requirements for moderate resolution imagery (5–120 meter resolution) as the test case for requirements development. The purpose of this summary report is to provide a high-level overview of the requirements elicitation process that was exercised through the pilot project and an early analysis of the moderate resolution imaging user requirements acquired to date to support ongoing USGS sustainable land imaging study needs. The pilot project engaged a limited set of Federal Government users from the operational and research communities and therefore the information captured represents only a subset of all land imaging user requirements. However, based on a comparison of results, trends, and analysis, the pilot captured a strong baseline of typical applications areas and user needs for moderate resolution imagery. Because these results are preliminary and represent only a sample of users and application areas, the information from this report should only be used to indicate general user needs for the applications covered. Users of the information are cautioned that use of specific numeric results may be inappropriate without additional research. Any information used or cited from this report should specifically be cited as preliminary findings.

Open-File Report↗
USGS2015

A survey of Bureau of Land Management employees on collaboration and alternative dispute resolution

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has been actively expanding its capacity to work cooperatively with other agencies, Tribes, the public, and other stakeholders using collaborative and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) approaches. In 1997, the BLM created the BLM’s Collaboration and Alternative Dispute Resolution Program (Collaboration/ADR Program) to centralize, strengthen, and coordinate these efforts. Specifically, the Collaboration/ADR Program is charged with developing ADR policies; ensuring that statutory and regulatory requirements are met; and providing training, resources, and direct support for collaboration and ADR in the BLM. At the request of the Collaboration/ADR Program, the Policy Analysis and Science Assistance Branch of the U.S. Geological Survey, located in the Fort Collins Science Center, conducted an online survey of BLM employees in early 2013 to address four overarching questions: What information sources and assistance resources are BLM employees currently accessing to fill their conflict/dispute resolution and collaboration needs? What are the perceived information and resource needs of BLM employees associated with conflict/dispute resolution and collaboration? What information and resources can the BLM Collaboration/ADR Program provide to fill BLM employee needs? What is the BLM employee level of knowledge associated with conflict/dispute resolution and collaboration? What are the attitudes and perceptions of BLM employees toward conflict/dispute resolution and collaboration? This report describes the findings of this online survey and will assist the BLM’s Collaboration and ADR Oversight Committee in developing the Strategic Plan for the Collaboration/ADR Program. The purpose of the Strategic Plan is to advance collaboration in the BLM and to increase the capacity of the Collaboration/ADR Program to support collaborative efforts on the ground. In March 2013, a user-specific link to the online survey was sent via email to all current BLM employees ( n = 6,734) that could potentially have had experience in collaboration and conflict resolution based on their job series. The links took the respondents to a webpage where the survey was administered. Email reminders were sent at weekly intervals thereafter. When the survey closed in May 2013, the response rate was 45 percent (3,161 employees). Of these, only 14 percent (427 respondents) indicated that they did not have direct experience with collaboration or ADR, and were unlikely to gain experience in the future. Because these respondents were not the target population of this survey, they were branched to the demographic questions at the end of the survey and were not included in any further analyses. The remaining 86 percent (2,734 respondents) indicated that either they did have direct experience with collaboration and (or) ADR, or that they might gain experience with one or both in the future. Below we highlight some of the key findings from their survey responses (refer to the Results section for a comprehensive report of the survey findings).

Open-File Report↗
USGS2016

Analysis of seafloor change at Breton Island, Gosier Shoals, and surrounding waters, 1869–2014, Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana

Characterizing bathymetric change in coastal environments is an important component in understanding shoreline evolution, especially along barrier island platforms. Bathymetric change is a function of the regional sediment budget, long-term wave and current patterns, and episodic impact from high-energy events such as storms. Human modifications may also cause changes in seafloor elevation. This study, conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in collaboration with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, evaluates bathymetric and volumetric change and sediment characteristics around Breton Island and Gosier Shoals located offshore of the Mississippi River Delta in Louisiana. This area has been affected by significant storm events such as Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Sedimentation patterns at Breton Island and offshore have also been modified by the excavation of a shipping channel north of the island. Four time periods are considered that encompass these episodes and include long-term change and short-term storm recovery: 1869–2014, 1869–1920, 1920–2014, and 2007–2014. Finally, sediment characteristics are reported in the context of seafloor elevation.

Louisana↗
USGS1964

Water resources of the English River, Old Mans Creek, and Clear Creek basins in Iowa

The surface and ground water resources of a 991 square mile area comprising the drainage basins of English River, Old Mans Creek and Clear Creek are presented. These basins lie to the west and southwest of Iowa City, Iowa, and all three streams are tributary to the Iowa River. The area is comprised of rolling uplands with relatively broad valleys and is devoted mainly to agriculture and livestock farming. In general, the surface water use is adversely affected by the high variability of flows and particularly by the critically small minimum flows. Augmentation of the minimum flows by means of storage reservoirs is possible but may be uneconomical in the broad valleys which require a high area to volume ratio. The surface water supply is presented in the form of tables and graphs which show information on maximum and minimum flows, mean flow, duration of flow, frequency of low flow and flood flow and storage requirements. Low-flow discharge. profiles for the English River and South Fork English River derived from measurements at partial record and supplementary sites are also shown. Ground water is available from shallow wells in nearly all of the area; however, the wells vary widely in productivity and reliability during a drouth. Potentially excellent aquifers may be found in the alluvium which underlies the valleys since similar areas along the lower Iowa River basin have produced yield up to 100 gallons per minute. However, the best and most reliable source of good ground water is the Jordan Sandstone. This aquifer varies from 1,375 feet below ground level in the eastern part of the area to 2,200 feet below ground level at the western end of the area. It is capable of supplying as much as 1,000 gallons per minute to individual wells. Its location is shown in the report by means of map contours referenced to mean sea level.

Iowa↗
USGS1970

Seismic-reflection records from a survey at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal near Denver, Colorado

During July 1966, after competitive bidding, a contract was awarded by the U.S. Geological Survey to GeoData Corporation and Geo Prospectors, Inc., both of Tulsa, Oklahoma, for 18 miles of continuous seismic-reflection profiling in the vicinity of a deep injection disposal well (IDW) at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal near Denver, Colorado. The purpose of this survey was to determine if structure exists in the 12,000-ft sedimentary section or in the Precambrian basement that might be related to the series of earthquakes that occurred in the area starting in the spring of 1962. A paper on the seismic-reflection profiling by Ben R. Rummerfield, A. Peter Olson, and D. B. Hoover (1968) reported the major conclusions of the survey.

Colorado↗
USGS1972

Progress report: Apollo 16 sample documentation

This report is intended as a working document for use during the opening of the Apollo 16 sample containers and during the early phases of examination of the samples in the Lunar Receiving Laboratory (LRL). The information in this report was drawn from voice transcripts of the astronaut crew while on the lunar surface, from video tapes of lunar surface television, and from a "quick-look" at the returned 60 mm Hasselblad photographs. The planimetric station maps were compiled almost entirely from the television tapes. A thorough review of all data, plus a comparison of the rocks shown in the photographs with those in the LRL, should eliminate any errors or discrepancies. A major purpose of this document is, in fact, to point up gaps in our present knowledge of sample location, orientation, and documentation. This report will be superseded by a more accurate and complete report about two weeks hence. All sample numbers in the illustrations refer to container numbers. Those that have LRL numbers assigned as of this date are cross-referenced in table 1. The illustrations are grouped in order of ascending station numbers (fig. 1), and where possible are shown in order of ascending container numbers for each station. Table 1 also refers container numbers to pane numbers of this report.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1973

Documentation and environment of the Apollo 17 samples

This catalog shows the locations from which samples were collected during the Apollo 17 mission and provides a descriptive geologic context for each sample. It is a working document principally of use to LSPET, LSAPT, and the lunar sample principal investigators. The information in this report is incomplete, but it is based on the best available data as of January 19, 1973. Sources of information are: air-to-ground transcript, lunar surface television, lunar surface photographs, available LRL "mugshot" photographs of the samples, and frequent discussions with the astronaut crew. The information contained herein does not reflect the more detailed examination that is presently underway in the LRL. Documentation of some samples at the Apollo 17 site is incomplete. Identification of the rocks on the photographs is tentative in many cases pending examination of the samples under collimated light and accurate determination of lunar orientation. These data will be incorporated in a final report on sample documentation. There are inconsistencies in format (and even errors), but we believe that the early dissemination of these data is more important than the complete standardization of format which would require detailed editing and substantial delay. Nearly all of the sizes, distances, slopes, and percentages given are qualitative, visual estimates from photographs. The station maps (the fold-outs in back of the report) were compiled using a perspective grid overlay on the photographs, and thus are more accurate than most other dimensional data in this catalog. The station descriptions that follow this introduction apply to the general station area (see figure on next page); the environment descriptions under each sample apply to an area a few meters on a side around each sample, and may or may not reflect the surface characteristics of the entire station area. Some of the LRL numbers (supplied courtesy of Patrick Burler, Assistant Curator, Lunar Receiving Laboratory, NASA-MSC) are still tentative and subject to change as more sample containers are opened. The tentative numbers are indicated by an asterisk after the number. Photograph numbers throughout the text normally have the following prefix: NASA AS17- which is deleted for brevity in this report.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1975

Floodflow characteristics of White River at U.S. Highway 167 at Batesville, Arkansas

The Arkansas State Highway Department plans to build a new two-lane highway bridge, parallel to and approximately 50 feet (15.2 metres) downstream from the centerline of the existing U.S. Highway 167 bridge, over the White River at Batesville. The present bridge will be altered and remain in service, thus providing a four-lane crossing after completion of the new bridge. The State Highway Department requested a hydraulic analysis of the 5O-year flood at the site, considering the effect of upstream flood storage in existing (1974) reservoirs. The purpose of this study was to determine for the regulated 50-year food: (1) the discharge and elevation of peak flow and resulting backwater with existing bridge in place; (2) the discharge and elevation of peak flow and resulting backwater if an additional bridge of the same length, parallel to and 50 feet (15.2 metres) downstream from the existing bridge, is added; and 3) the reduction in length of relief span of proposed four-lane bridge that could be made without flooding existing buildings on the north bank of the upstream flood plain. Information is provided in this report to assist the Highway Department in deciding upon the most practical and economical river crossing within existing limitations. Floodflow characteristics of the design (50-year) flood are summarized in table 1 for (1) existing bridge and embankment, (2) proposed four-lane bridge the sane length as present structures, (3) proposed four-lane bridge with length of relief span reduced to 3,000 feet (914 metres), (4) Tenth of relief span reduced to 2,000 feet (610 metres), (5) length of relief span reduced to 1,000 feet X 305 metres), and (6) without a relief span. All elevations listed in this report are referenced to highway datum, which is mean sea level.

Arkansas↗
USGS1975

A Study of earthquake losses in the Puget Sound, Washington, area

The Puget Sound Basin has a history of frequent seismic activity, including two recent damaging events. The greatest extent of urban development and the most densely populated area generally correspond to the area where the greatest energy release has been experienced. For this study two earthquakes have been simulated, each having magnitude 7.5, a reasonable maximum value for this area. Analysis of the events indicate that under the worst condition as many as 2,200 people would die, and 8,700 additional persons would suffer injuries requiring hospitalization or immediate medical treatment. Such casualties would occur under the worst conditions of exposure, as during the rush hours, but could be approximately as great at any time during the working day. It is possible that as many as 23,500 people would be homeless or would require temporary shelter pending reestablishment or relocation. Conditions of exposure would be altered during the nighttime, causing a drastic reduction in casulaty potentials to a level of about 5-10 percent of the daytime losses. Thus, the time of greatest concern is during the normal working day, and the areas of concern are the highly urbanized sections of the Puget Sound Basin. This study is intended to inform those agencies serving the region of potential hazard to people, structures, and lifeline functions, in such a way that the administrators of emergency services can proceed with confidence in planning response to earthquake disaster. Figure 1 shows the extent of the study area and the location of the epicenters of the postulated earthquakes. A comparison of the two isoseismal maps as they apply to each county, in tables 1 through 6, emphasizes the marked change in intensity at a site as the simulated earthquake is moved from a close to a distant location. The Modified Mercalli Intensity scale is defined on page 284. The report is concerned not only with human casualties and displacement, but also with impairment or destruction of essential facilities critical to the continuing normal functioning of the area. This includes hospitals and medical personnel, police and fire department equipment and personnel, communications, and utilities. The total damage profile was developed with careful consideration of conditions of the seismicity, geological history, population density and distribution, and physical status of structural and lifeline installations throughout the region. There is a potential for broad fluctuation in the casualty figures resulting from the chance positioning of people at the time of the occurrence of the earthquake. An example is that of the Lafayette Elementary School in West Seattle, where, in the 1949 earthquake, a large brick gable over the entry collapsed directly onto an area normally used for assembly of pupils. Such assembly regularly occurred at 11:55 a.m. The earthquake occurred at 11:57 a.m., but fortunately during the spring vacation. Following a large earthquake, effective remedial steps to maintain or to return to operation the essential public services will depend upon the prompt and informed actions of public agencies. Response planning should include not only consideration of disaster problems within a particular jurisdiction but also sharing of assistance with neighboring jurisdictions. Moderate response requirements experienced in one area can free resources to aid communities in more heavily damaged portions of the affected area. The damage profile is quite different among the six counties within the study. The remainder of the summary is devoted to a brief general assessment of possible problems in each of the counties. A detailed development and presentation of each of the problems is covered in the text of the report.

Washington↗
USGS1975

Progress report on the water resources investigation of Martin County, Florida

The base of the shallow aquifer ranges from 125 feet (38 m) below sea level in the northwest part of Martin County to about 280 feet (85.3 m) below sea level in the southeast part of the county. Test holes also indicate a thick, highly permeable zone in the east part of the county which becomes thinner and interlaced with zones of lower permeability in the west part. Water levels decline about 2 to 5 feet (0.6 to 1.5 m) during the dry season (October 1973 to May 1974) in most areas of Martin County. Within the area influenced by the pumping of Stuart's public supply wells, water level declined 6 feet (1.8 m) between October 1973 and May 1974. Water levels during January - May 1974 in this area were 3 to 6 feet (0.0 to 1.8 m) lower than they were in January - May 1965. This difference was due to a three-fold increase in pumpage (0.8 to 2 mgd) from 1965 to 1974. Chloride concentrations in four salt water monitoring wells around the Stuart well field ranged from 35 to 45 mg/1 during the rainy season of 1973. No appreciative increase in chlorides was found by the end of the next dry season. Water from five surface water sites had higher concentrations of phosphorus than water found in a typical urban area in Fort Lauderdale. Water from seven sites contained concentrations of nitrogen less than the typical rural site average. Expansion of the test drilling program, observation of salt-water intrusion, water-level monitoring and continued nutrient sampling are planned for future study. An interpretative report will be prepared at the end of this investigation.

Florida↗
USGS1978

Estimated oil and gas reserves, Southern California Outer Continental Shelf, January 1, 1977

As of January 1, 1977, approximately 1,450 billion cubic feet of gas and about 670 million barrels of oil* are estimated as remaining recoverable reserves in 11 of the 12 fields in the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) off Southern California. No estimates were made for the unnamed field on lease P-0234 because well testing was not sufficient to allow a reasonable assessment. Of the 12 recognized fields, only two are producing and none is completely developed. Limits of many of the fields will be further defined by anticipated additional exploratory drilling. Original recoverable reserves in 11 fields are estimated to have been approximately 1,530 billion cubic feet of gas and about 830 million barrels of oil. Reserve estimates for nine fields were based on individual volumetric reservoir studies. Decline curve and volumetric analyses were used to estimate reserves in two fields. The estimates of original and remaining reserves are reported as one total for oil and one for gas within the Southern California OCS. *The term "oil" as used in this report includes crude oil, condensate and gas-plant liquids.

California↗
USGS1979

Streamflow statistical summaries for Colorado streams through September 30, 1975; Volume 2: Colorado River basin above Gunnison River

This report contains statistical summaries of daily streamflow data as of September 30, 1975, for 189 stations west of the Continental Divide in Colorado for use by agencies and individuals engaged in water studies. To be included in this report, a station had to have a minimum of 3 complete water years (October 1 to September 30) of record and 3 complete climatic years (April 1 to March 31) of record having virtually constant effects of regulation and diversion, and to have had streamflow records previously reviewed and published by the U.S. Geological Survey. Duration tables show the distribution of daily discharges for each water year ending September 30. High-flow sequence tables show the highest mean discharge for 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 183 consecutive days of each water year. Low-flow sequence tables show the lowest mean discharge for 1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 183 consecutive days of each climatic year. For monthly flows the following statistics have been computed for each station having 5 or more complete water years of record: (1) Mean, (2) variance, (3) standard deviation, (4) skewness, (5) coefficient of variation, and (6) percentage of average flow. The first five items were also computed for the water year annual flows along with the first order serial correlation coefficient. For stations which have had virtually instantaneous significant changes in the effects of regulation or diversion, a maximum of two sets of summaries are shown. Referenced reports describe procedures for processing and interpreting the streamflow statistics.

Colorado↗
USGS1981

Earthquake and seismicity research using SCARLET and CEDAR

During the second period of Contract #14-08-0001-1833 (Earthquake and Seismicity Research using SCARLET and CEDAR), we continued and completed research in three main areas: 1) Multimode analysis of Rayleigh type Lg in Southern California. This research is currently being complemented by a similar study in Central California along the West side of the Sierra Nevada, using CalNet stations. 2) A theoretical study of dispersion and attenuation of elastic waves due to multiple scattering from inhomogeneities. This is essentially a first step toward an interpretative model of high frequency apparent attenuation properties in the crust in Southern California. 3) An analysis of anisotropic P n velocities near the big bend of the San Andreas fault, which provides some constraints on the nature of the plate boundary between Pacific and North America below the crust. Other projects are being pursued, which include: 1) the statistical analysis of S wave routine picks on CEDAR to constrain estimates of the Poisson ratio in the crust, 2) an effort to use P/SV amplitude ratio to constrain focal mechanism for local events, and 3) a study of frequency content of signals from foreshocks and aftershocks of the October 15, 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake. Preliminary findings along these lines will be reported at the Fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union. This research is continuing under Contract #14-08-0001-19270, together with continued efforts to characterize historical and recent seismicity in California. We confine the following report to projects already completed or nearing completion.

California↗
USGS1982

Hydrologic data from Naval Oil Shale Reserves, Parachute Creek basin, northwestern Colorado, 1975-79

This report summarizes data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey for the U.S. Department of Energy, Naval Petroleum, and Oil Shale Reserves in the Parachute Creek drainage basin of western Colorado. It includes data from five surface-water gages, two automatic sediment samplers and two water-quality monitors. Instantaneous streamflow measurements were made at 63 sites on Parachute Creek tributaries to determine gain or loss of flow. Thirteen springs and nine surface-water sites were sampled and chemical analyses of these sites are included. From 1975 to 1979, 88 spring sites were inventoried; conductivity, temperature, pH, and discharge were measured. Climate data include maximum, minimum, and total daily solar radiation. Daily total precipitation is reported for three stations and snow-course data is reported for one site.

Open-File Report↗