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At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
USGS1978

Analyses of water, core material, and elutriate samples collected near Yazoo City, Mississippi (Yazoo Headwater Project)

Five core-material-sampling sites were chosen by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to represent areas of proposed dredging activity. Four receiving-water sites also were selected to represent the water that will contact the proposed dredged material. Chemical and physical analyses were performed upon core material and native-water samples from these sites as well as upon elutriate samples of specific sediment-receiving water systems. The results of these analyses are presented without interpretation.

Mississippi↗
USGS1978

Quality of water in Pascagoula and Escatawpa Rivers, Jackson County, Mississippi

The chemical and physical properties and the range of concentrations of most constituents in water in the Pascagoula and Escatawpa Rivers during the period May 17-19, 1977, varied rapidly between high and low tides, primarily as the result of interactions of freshwater inflow with highly mineralized Gulf waters. The water at a downstream site of the 11-mile study reach on the Pascagoula River was saline. On May 19, 1977, the dissolved-solids concentration at that site was 14,500 milligrams per liter. At the same time, the water at the mouth of Escatawpa River had a dissolved-solids concentration of 4,600 milligrams per liter. The specific conductance of the water at the downstream sites of both rivers increased with depth and progressively decreased upstream to sites where freshwater inflow was predominant. The specific conductance decreased upstream from a maximum of 40,000 micromhos per centimeter at 25°Celsius at site P1 to 60 micromhos at site P12 on Pascagoula River and from 30,000 micromhos at site E1 to 45 micromhos at site E9 on Escatawpa River. There was evidence of oxygen deficiency (less than 3.0 milligrams per liter) at many sites in deep pools where there is little circulation and mixing of the more dense saltwater. Dissolved-oxygen concentrations ranged from 2.1 to 8.2 milligrams per liter. Biochemical oxygen demand ranged from 0.1 to 3.5 milligrams per liter and was generally less than 2.0 milligrams per liter at most sites. A large part of the total organic carbon in the lower Pascagoula River was carried into the study area by freshwater inflow. Very little organic carbon was being discharged by the Escatawpa River into the Pascagoula River. Total nitrogen moved out of Pascagoula and Escatawpa Rivers at an extremely slow rate and in concentrations of less than 0.1 milligram per liter. The water temperature near the surface at downstream sites on Escatawpa River at low tide was elevated as much as 2.5°C (4.5°F), suggesting thermal loading. The fecal coliform and fecal streptococcal bacteria in Pascagoula and Escatawpa Rivers were in concentrations indicative of manmade pollution. The ratio of the concentrations in which these bacteria were present suggests that both rivers receive human enteric wastes.

Mississippi↗
USGS1978

Agricultural land use and water quality in the upper St. Joseph River basin, Michigan

Land use in the upper St. Joseph River basin of south-central Michigan is primarily agricultural. In the 144-square-mile area, the chemical and physical characteristics of water are determined by the climate and soils, as well as by land conservation practices. Municipal waste discharges affect water quality at some locations, as do the larger lakes and ponds. Data indicate that mean discharge from the basin is 135 cubic feet per second. About half this flow is contributed to the St. Joseph River by three major tributaries: Beebe Creek (36 cubic feet per second); Sand Creek (24 cubic feet per second); and Soap Creek (13 cubic feet per second). Runoff from 21 drainage areas delineated for the investigation ranged from 0.22 to 4.07 cubic feet per second per square mile; both the higher and lower values are largely the result of naturally occurring inter- and intrabasin transfers of water. Suspended-sediment concentrations are low throughout the basin, rarely exceeding 100 milligrams per liter. Mean concentrations at four daily sampling stations on the major tributaries and on the St. Joseph River ranged from 9.7 milligrams per liter to 38 milligrams per liter. The maximum sediment yield was 182 pounds per acre per year. Deposition of sediment in five of the 21 areas resulted in a net loss of sediment transported, and thus “negative” yields. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations do not vary greatly from site to site. Mean concentrations of total nitrogen at downstream sites on Beebe, Sand, and Soap Creeks, and on the St. Joseph River ranged from 1.5 to 1.8 milligrams per liter. About 90 percent of all nitrogen, and 66 percent of all phosphorus, is transported in solution. Land used principally for agriculture has a mean total nitrogen yield of 4.9 pounds per acre per year and a mean total phosphorus yield of 0.13 pounds per year. A comparison of total nitrogen and total phosphorus yields with type of agricultural use showed few relationships; nitrogen yield, however, seems to decrease as the percentage of land in row crop and small grain increases. A relation between amount of fertilizer applied to land and the amount in streams could not be demonstrated. Only about 6 percent of the total nitrogen and about 1 percent of the total phosphorus added to the land in animal wastes, in precipitation, and applied as fertilizer, is transported from the basin by the St. Joseph River at Clarendon. Estimates also suggest that almost three times as much nitrogen, and twice as much phosphorus, fall in precipitation on the basin as is transported from the basin by runoff. In general, land conservation practices of the past seem to have been effective in minimizing erosion and leaching of soils in the basin.

Michigan↗
USGS1979

Quality of water in Bayou Casotte and Bayou Chico, Jackson County, Mississippi

A short-term water-quality study on Bayou Casotte and Bayou Chico on the Mississippi Gulf Coast was conducted on July 25-27, 1978. The results of the study indicated that the chemical and physical properties and range of concentrations of several dissolved constituents in both estuaries varied during a tide cycle primarily as the result of the interaction of freshwater and wastewater inflow with the saline Gulf waters. The water quality condition of both estuaries generally was good and the low 5-day biochemical oxygen demand in the estuaries indicated that excessive oxygen demand was not exerted during the study. The 5-day biochemical oxygen demand generally was less than 3.5 milligrams per liter. Dissolved-oxygen concentrations decreased with depths and the lowest concentrations occurred below 30-foot depths in Bayou Casotte. Oxygen levels at shallow depths generally were less in Bayou Chico than in Bayou Casotte. Dissolved-oxygen concentrations in Bayou Casotte ranged from 0.7 to 7.7 milligrams per liter at high tide and from 2.5 to 8.2 milligrams per liter at low tide. In general, phosphorus and nitrogen species were present in comparatively high concentrations in both estuaries; were higher at low tide that at high tide; and were highest in Bayou Casotte upstream of Bayou Casotte harbor. Concentrations of the nitrogen species during a tide cycle generally were lower at the mouth of Bayou Casotte than at the mouth of Bayou Chico. Fecal bacteria at most sampling sites were generally in concentrations indicative of recent manmade pollution.

Mississippi↗
USGS1979

1980 water quality laboratory services catalog

The information in this catalog is provided to assist Water Resources Division personnel in the selection of analytical determinations, estimation of cost, calculation of sample volume requirements, identification of the necessary sample treatment, and selection of laboratory precision for samples to be submitted to Central Laboratories. The catalog contains 18 tables. Tables 1-4 are arranged alphabetically by constituent or schedule, and where available, include parameter name, unit of measurement, lab code or schedule code, applicable range and precision of the method, parameter code, method number and name, and a page index. Tables 1 and 2 list inorganic and organic constituents determined in water samples, table 3 provides information on determinations of chemical and physical properties of sediments, and table 4 lists biological determinations. Page references in these first four tables refer to the tables of determinations (tables 5 through 8) or to the tables of calculations (tables 9 through 12). Constituents that are found in more than one category are cross-referenced (e.g. nitrogen, organic is found in the inorganic table and is cross indexed in the organic table). Tables 13 through 16 list sample containers, sample preservations, and sample designations for each determination. Table 17 lists materials (bottles, preservatives, standardized solutions, and so forth) which may be purchased from the Central Laboratories. Table 18 lists agency codes which can be used to indicate the agency collecting or analyzing samples. Although the catalog is being released now, its effective date is September 11, 1979 to September 10, 1980. The early release is for program planning only.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1980

Limnological data for 12 reservoirs in Valley County, Montana

Water samples were collected from 12 reservoirs in northeastern Montana during the late winter, spring, summer, and early fall of 1978. The resulting physical and chemical water-quality data will be useful in managing the reservoirs for use of stock watering, waterfowl propagation, fish production, and recreation. The surface areas of the reservoirs range for 0.4 to 28.1 hectares with water depths ranging from 0.25 to 6.9 meters. The chemical composition of water varied among reservoirs and with season. Specific conductance ranged from 446 to 4,020 micromhos per centimeter during the winter sampling period and from 62 to 999 micromhos per centimeter during the spring sampling period. Although a pH of 6.9 was measured at one reservoir during the winter, pH values generally ranged from 7.7 to 9.8. Under ice cover, which averaged 1.0 meter thick in late February, three reservoirs attained dissolved-oxygen concentrations above saturation. Each reservoir can be classified as having one of the following three water types: sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, or calcium sodium bicarbonate.

Montana↗
USGS1980

Analyses of water, core material, and elutriate samples collected near Sicily Island, Louisiana (Sicily Island area levee project)

Samples consisting of composited core material were collected from five areas by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey to provide data on the impact of proposed channel excavation and levee construction in the Sicily Island area, Louisiana. Samples of receiving water from the five areas, selected to represent the water that will contact the proposed dredged material of the levee fill material, also were collected. Chemical and physical analyses were performed on samples of core material and native water and on elutriate samples of specific core material-receiving water mixtures. The results of these analyses are presented without interpretation.

Louisiana↗
USGS1980

Analyses of water, bank material, bottom material, and elutriate samples collected near Belzoni, Mississippi (upper Yazoo projects)

Four core-material-sampling sites and one bottom-material site were chosen by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to represent areas of proposed dredging activity along a 24.9-mile reach of the upper Yazoo River. Five receiving-water sites also were selected to represent the water that will contact the proposed dredged material. Chemical and physical analyses were performed upon core or bottom material and native-water (receiving-water) samples from these sites as well as upon elutriate samples of the mixture of sediment and receiving water. The results of these analyses are presented without interpertation. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1981

Water quality in the tidal Potomac River and estuary, hydrologic data report, 1979 water year

This report contains data on the physical and chemical properties measured during the 1979 water year for the tidal Potomac River and estuary. Data were collected routinely at five major stations and periodically at 14 intervening stations. Each major station represents a cross section through which the transport of selected dissolved and suspended materials will be computed. The intervening stations represent locations at which data were collected for special studies such as: salt water migration, dissolved oxygen dynamics, and other synoptic studies. About 960 samples were analyzed for silicate, Kjeldhal nitrogen, nitrite, phosphorus, chlorophyll and suspended sediment, with additional samples analyzed for organic carbon, calcium, magnesium, sodium, bicarbonate, sulfate, potassium, chloride, fluoride, seston and dissolved solids residue. In addition, about 1400 in-situ measurements of dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, temperature, and Secchi disk transparency are reported.

Maryland, Virgina↗
USGS1981

Description of seafloor sediment and preliminary geo-environmental report, Shelikof Strait, Alaska

Shelikof Strait, situated between the Kodiak Island group and the Alaska Peninsula (Fig. 1), is included in OCS oil and gas lease area 60. Environmental geologic studies are being conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey prior to the scheduled September 1981 sale date. Seismic-reflection records, collected with 40- to 95-cm3 airgun, 800-joule minisparker, 800-joule boomer, and 3.5-and 12-kilohertz systems and covering over 6,400 km of trackline have been examined to identify geologic conditions at or below the seafloor that might affect petroleum operations. Of the total trackline distance, 865 km were collected in June 1980 aboard the Geological Survey's ship R/V S.P. LEE. The remainder were collected by Nekton Inc. in 1979, under contract to the USGS (Fig. 2). Sediment samples were collected at 42 stations on the June 1980 cruise for geological and geotechnical analysis (Fig. 2). The purpose of this report is to present physical and chemical measurements that have been made on sediment samples and to give a preliminary geo-environmental assessment of Shelikof Strait, based on presently completed analyses of the geophysical records and sediment samples.

Alaska↗
USGS1981

Proceedings of a workshop on clathrates (gas hydrates) in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska, July 16-17, 1979, Menlo Park, California

Purpose : The purpose of this report is to make available the results of the "Workshop on clathrates (gas hydrates) in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska," July 16-17, 1979, Menlo Park, California. Scope : Written reports presented by participants of the workshop, relevant letters generated by this workshop and some "forms" created within ONPRA to aid in collecting information are an unusual assemblage but are presented in the proceedings because I feel they can be of use to others. The articles are arranged alphabetically because of the diverse aspects in style and subject matter. A comprehensive list of references was forwarded to Gas Research Institute to avoid duplication of bibliographic effort and because I have been unable to unscramble Russian references to the satisfaction of our editors. The workshop on Clathrates in NPRA : The workshop was convened in Menlo Park on July 16-17, 1979, to review our "knowledge of clathrates and to help develop background for ONPRA 1 s program on clathrates. Speakers were invited to discuss clathrates or some aspect of the physical or chemical relations of clathrates. The letters of invitation, schedule of talks, list of attendees, and a list of workers interested in clathrates are inserted, although the procedure is unusual because these define the scope and objectives of the meetings. Conclusions from the meeting : Conclusions of the discussions are: (a) very little is known about in situ clathrates, (b) our ability to identify in situ clathrates while drilling is poor, (c) the engineering of ONPRA wells is not conductive to the study of clathrates because of the large holes drilled, and (d) ONPRA could justify only limited investigations of clathrates. The attendees unanimously agreed that the next step to be taken by ONPRA should be to examine the wire-line logs and drilling records of NPRA wells to identify probable zones of natural occurring gas hydrates (clathrates). The atttendees stressed the need for more accurate data on natural thermoclines and additional compositional analyses of gases encountered in NPRA wells in order to more accurately define the P/T fields of natural clathrates of NPRA. Article 2 is an overview of results of the meeting.

Alaska↗
USGS1981

Hydrology of area 18, Eastern Coal Province, Tennessee

The Eastern Coal Province is divided into 24 hydrologic reporting areas. This report describes the hydrology of area 18 which is located in the Cumberland River basin in central Tennessee near the southern end of the Province. Hydrologic information and sources are presented as text, tables, maps, and other illustrations designed to be useful to mine owners, operators, and consulting engineers in implementing permit applications that comply with the environmental requirements of the ' Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977. ' Area 18 encompasses parts of three physiographic regions; from east to west the Cumberland Plateau, Highland Rim, and Central Basin. The Plateau is underlain by sandstones and shales, with thin interbedded coal beds, of Pennsylvanian age. The Highland Rim and Central Basin are underlain by limestone and dolomite of Mississippian age. Field and laboratory analyses of chemical and physical water-quality parameters of streamflow samples show no widespread water quality problems. Some streams, however, in the heavily mined areas have concentrations of sulfate, iron, manganese, and sediment above natural levels, and pH values below natural levels. Mine seepage and direct mine drainage were not sampled. Ground water occurs in and moves through fractures in the sandstones and shales and solution openings in the limestones and dolomites. Depth to water is variable, ranging from about 5 to 70 feet below land-surface in the limestones and dolomites, and 15 to 40 feet in the coal-bearing rocks. The quality of ground water is generally good. Locally, in coal-bearing rocks, acidic water and high concentrations of manganese, chloride, and iron have been detected. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1982

Water quality of the tidal Potomac River and estuary hydrologic data report, 1980 water year

This report contains data on the physical and chemical properties measured in the Tidal Potomac River and Estuary during the 1980 Water Year. Data were collected routinely at five stations, and periodically at 17 stations including three stations near the mouth of the Potomac River in Chesapeake Bay. Each of the five stations represent a cross section through which the transport of selected dissolved and suspended materials can be computed. The remaining stations represent locations at which data were collected for special synoptic studies such as salt water migration, and dissolved oxygen dynamics. Routinely, samples were analyzed for silica, nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, pheophytin, and suspended sediment. Additional samples were analyzed for organic carbon, calcium, manganese, magnesium, sodium, alkalinity, sulfate, iron, potassium, chloride, fluoride, seston, algal growth potential, adenosine triphosphate, nitrifying bacteria and dissolved-solids residue. In addition, solar radiation measurements and in-situ measurements of dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, pH, temperature, and Secchi disk transparency are reported. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1982

Summary of ground-water and surface-water data for city of Pensacola and Escambia County, Florida

Hydrologic, geologic, and water-quality data collected in Escambia County, Florida, October 1962 through September 1980 are presented. The data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of a cooperative investigation with the city of Pensacola and Escambia County to provide information on the quality and quantity of water available from the sand-and-gravel aquifer and selected surface-water sites in Escambia County. Ground-water data include records of 440 wells, chemical and physical analyses of water quality for 325 wells, 6 long-term hydrographs, and 19 lithologic logs. Surface-water data include streamflow measurements and analyses of water collected at 9 sites. Maps of the county show the locations of the data-collection sites. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1982

Data on subsurface storage of liquid waste near Pensacola, Florida, 1963-1980

Since 1963, when industrial waste was first injected into the subsurface in northwest Florida, considerable data have been collected relating to the geochemistry of subsurface waste storage. This report presents hydrogeologic data on two subsurface waste storage. This report presents hydrogeologic data on two subsurface storage systems near Pensacola, Fla., which inject liquid industrial waste through deep wells into a saline aquifer. Injection sites are described giving a history of well construction, injection, and testing; geologic data from cores and grab samples; hydrographs of injection rates, volume, pressure, and water levels; and chemical and physical data from water-quality samples collected from injection and monitor wells. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1982

Water quality of the Barataria Unit; Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Louisiana

Surface-water samples were collected on a monthly basis for the period April 1981-March 1982 from six sites within the Barataria Marsh Unit of the Jean Lafitte National Historic Park, Louisiana. The sites were located on Bayou Segnette, Kenta Canal , and Millaudon Canal. Biological, chemical, and physical analyses were performed. Three of the sites were sampled quarterly for additional parameters including pesticides, metals , algal-growth potential, phytoplankton, benthic invertebrates, and grain size of bed material. The results of the analyses are presented without interpretation. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1986

Selected hydrologic data for Salt Lake Valley, Utah, October 1968 to October 1985

This report contains hydrologic data collected in Salt Lake Valley from October 1968 to October 1985. The report area is bounded by the Wasatch Range on the east, the Oquirrh Mountains on the west, the Traverse Mountains on the south, and the boundary between Davis and Salt Lake Counties on the north. Hely and others (1971) defined two aquifers of major importance in the valley the principal aquifer and the shallow aquifer. The principal aquifer is a source of water for public supply and industry, whereas the shallow aquifer in many places contains water that is contaminated and is unsuitable for public supply (Seiler and Waddell, 1984). Most of the data in this report were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, Salt Lake County Water Conservancy District, Central Utah Water Conservancy District, Granger-Hunter Improvement District, Magna Water Co. and Improvement District, City of Midvale, Salt Lake City Department of Public Utilities, City of Sandyr City of South Salt Lake, Taylorsville Bennion Improvement District, City of West Jordan, Holladay Water Company, and White City Water Co. Some of the data were published previously by Hely, Mower, and Horr (1967, 1968, and 1969), lorns, Mower, and Horr (1966a and b), Marine and Price (1963), and Seiler and Waddell (1984). The purpose of this report is to provide hydrologic data for use by the general public and by officials who manage water resources and to supplement interpretive reports for the area. Information about wells, water levels in wells, and the chemical and physical properties of ground water is given in tables 1-4, and the well locations are shown on plate 1.

Utah↗
USGS1988

Geophysical logs and hydrologic data for eight wells in the Coyote Spring Valley area, Clark and Lincoln counties, Nevada

Geophysical logs, drilling operations, pump-test data, and water quality determinations are presented for eight wells in the Coyote Spring Valley area of southeastern Nevada. The wells are in an area where thick units of Paleozoic carbonate rock are overlain by Tertiary semiconsolidated basin-fill deposits and Quaternary alluvial deposits. Data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey were augmented with data from previous investigations; however, complete sets of logs and other data are not available for all eight wells. Geophysical data presented included natural-gamma, neutron, gamma-gamma density, caliper, temperature, acoustic, single-point resistance, long- and short-natural resistivity, and spontaneous-potential logs. Drilling penetration rates, lithologic columns, and well construction are also summarized and presented. Measurements of drawdown and recovery during and after constant-discharge pumping periods are also included. Also presented are results of chemical and physical analyses for major-ion chemistry, trace constituents, stable and radioactive isotopes, temperature, pH, specific conductance, and dissolved oxygen. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗