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Geologic and hydrologic data for the Rustler Formation near the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, southeastern New Mexico
The U.S. Geological Survey is investigating the geohydrology in the vicinity of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in southeastern New Mexico. Data presented were compiled in support of a regional groundwater flow model. The data include water level measurements obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey 's Groundwater Site-Inventory and OMNIANA data bases and stratigraphic information interpreted from commercial geophysical logs. (USGS)
Biostratigraphy and paleoecology of lower Paleozoic, upper Cretaceous, and lower Tertiary rocks in U.S. Geological Survey New Madrid test wells, Southeastern Missouri
The paleontology and biostratigraphy of Tertiary, Cretaceous, and Paleozoic rocks in the upper Mississippi embayment are incompletely known because marine fossils are only locally present in these rocks. This study concerns material from two U.S. Geological Survey test wells drilled in New Madrid County, southeastern Missouri, as part of earthquake hazard studies in the northern Mississippi Embayment. Test well1 sampled lower Tertiary strata to a depth of 146ft; these strata were found to be late Eocene in age on the basis of sporomorphs. Test well1-X, 29ft northwest of well1, provided cuttings and cores from lower Tertiary, Upper Cretaceous, and lower Paleozoic rocks to a total depth of 2,316 ft below the Kelly bushing (at an altitude of 288 ft). Lithologic evidence suggests that the base of the Jackson Formation may be at 270 ft, but sporomorphs indicate that the base of the Jacksonian Stage (upper Eocene) is possibly at a depth of about 350ft in test well1-X. Lithologic units of the Claibornian Stage (middle Eocene) here consist of the Cockfield(?) and Cook Mountain(?) Formations and Memphis Sand, in descending order. The Claibornian could not be subdivided using sporomorphs from cuttings, but sporomorphs show that the top of the Sabinian Stage (top of the lower Eocene) is at about 1,055 ft; lithologically, the top of the Wilcox Group (top of the Flour Island Formation) is at 1,048 ft. Sporomorphs suggest that the top of the lower Sabinian (top of the Paleocene) is within the Flour Island Formation at about 1,105 ft. The next major lithologic break, the top of the Fort Pillow Sand at 1,186 ft, does not coincide with any detectable biostratigraphic boundary. Lithologically, the interval from 1,339 to 1,377 ft may belong to the Old Breastworks Formation; dinoflagellates from cuttings indicate that this interval is likely to be late Midwayan in age and, therefore, correlative with the Naheola Formation of the eastern Gulf Coast. The Porters Creek Clay extends from a probable top at 1,377 ft to 1,691 ft, and the base of the underlying Clayton Formation (Tertiary-Cretaceous contact) is at 1, 703 ft. Calcareous nannofossils, dinoflagellates, foraminifers, mollusks, ostracodes, and sporomorphs from continuous cores of the Porters Creek Clay and Clayton Formation indicate that the upper half of the Porters Creek correlates with the upper part of the same formation or perhaps partly with slightly younger rocks in the eastern Gulf Coast, the lowermost Porters Creek appears to correlate with the upper part of the Clayton Formation of the eastern Gulf Coast and with the Kincaid Formation of Texas, and the thin Clayton of the test well probably correlates with only the lower part of the thicker Clayton of the eastern Gulf Coast. Sporomorphs from McNairy Sand (Upper Cretaceous) cores indicate Maestrichtian and perhaps latest Campanian Age. Lower Paleozoic dolostone from 2,023 ft to total depth at 2,316 ft is barren of identifiable fossils except for a probable fragment of the fish Anatolepis; the dolostone is probably Late Cambrian in age. The McNairy Sand of New Madrid well 1-X seems to have been deposited in nonmarine to nearshore marine environments; the Clayton Formation and lower part of the Porters Creek Clay were deposited under marine conditions during an early Paleocene marine transgression. A major regression followed that continued through the end of Porters Creek time and perhaps into Naheola (late Midwayan) time; the Sabinian, Claibornian, and Jacksonian strata in southeastern Missouri were deposited primarily or entirely in nonmarine environments.
Southeast Regional Assessment Project for the National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey
The Southeastern United States spans a broad range of physiographic settings and maintains exceptionally high levels of faunal diversity. Unfortunately, many of these ecosystems are increasingly under threat due to rapid human development, and management agencies are increasingly aware of the potential effects that climate change will have on these ecosystems. Natural resource managers and conservation planners can be effective at preserving ecosystems in the face of these stressors only if they can adapt current conservation efforts to increase the overall resilience of the system. Climate change, in particular, challenges many of the basic assumptions used by conservation planners and managers. Previous conservation planning efforts identified and prioritized areas for conservation based on the current environmental conditions, such as habitat quality, and assumed that conditions in conservation lands would be largely controlled by management actions (including no action). Climate change, however, will likely alter important system drivers (temperature, precipitation, and sea-level rise) and make it difficult, if not impossible, to maintain recent historic conditions in conservation lands into the future. Climate change will also influence the future conservation potential of non-conservation lands, further complicating conservation planning. Therefore, there is a need to develop and adapt effective conservation strategies to cope with the effects of climate and landscape change on future environmental conditions. Congress recognized this important issue and authorized the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center (NCCWSC; http://nccw.usgs.gov/) in the Fiscal Year 2008. The NCCWSC will produce science that will help resource management agencies anticipate and adapt to climate change impacts to fish, wildlife, and their habitats. With the release of Secretarial Order 3289 on September 14, 2009, the mandate of the NCCWSC was expanded to address climate change-related impacts on all Department of the Interior (DOI) resources. The NCCWSC will establish a network of eight DOI Regional Climate Science Centers (RCSCs) that will work with a variety of partners to provide natural resource managers with tools and information that will help them anticipate and adapt conservation planning and design for projected climate change. The forecasting products produced by the RCSCs will aid fish, wildlife, and land managers in designing suitable adaptive management approaches for their programs. The DOI also is developing Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs) as science and conservation action partnerships at subregional scales. The USGS is working with the Southeast Region of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) to develop science collaboration between the future Southeast RCSC and future LCCs. The NCCWSC Southeast Regional Assessment Project (SERAP) will begin to develop regional downscaled climate models, land cover change models, regional ecological models, regional watershed models, and other science tools. Models and data produced by SERAP will be used in a collaborative process between the USGS, the FWS (LCCs), State and federal partners, nongovernmental organizations, and academia to produce science at appropriate scales to answer resource management questions. The SERAP will produce an assessment of climate change, and impacts on land cover, ecosystems, and priority species in the region. The predictive tools developed by the SERAP project team will allow end users to better understand potential impacts of climate change and sea level rise on terrestrial and aquatic populations in the Southeastern United States. The SERAP capitalizes on the integration of five existing projects: (1) the Multi-State Conservation Grants Program project "Designing Sustainable Landscapes," (2) the USGS multidisciplinary Science Thrust project "Water Availability for Ecological Needs," (3) the USGS Southeast Pilot Project "Climate Change in the Southeastern U.S. and its Impacts on Bird Distributions and Habitats," (4) a sea-level rise impacts study envisioned jointly with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and (5) two USGS sea-level rise impact assessment projects that address inundation hazards and provide probabilistic forecasts of coastal geomorphic change. The SERAP will expand on these existing projects and include the following tasks, which were initiated in summer 2009: * Regionally downscaled probabilistic climate-change projections * Integrated coastal assessment * Integrated terrestrial assessment * Multi-resolution assessment of potential climate change effects on biological resources: aquatic and hydrologic dynamics * Optimal conservation strategies to cope with climate change The SERAP seeks to formally integrate these tasks to aid conservation planning and design so that ecosystem management decisions can be optimized for providing desirable outcomes across a range of species and environments. The following chapters detail SERAP's efforts in providing a suite of regional climate, watershed, and landscape-change analyses and develop the interdisciplinary framework required for the biological planning phases of adaptive management and strategic conservation. The planning phase will include the identification of conservation alternatives, development of predictive models and decision support tools, and development of a template to address similar challenges and goals in other regions. The project teams will explore and develop ways to link the various ecological models arising from each component. The SERAP project team also will work closely with members of the LCCs and other partnerships throughout the life of the project to ensure that the objectives of the project meet resources mangers needs in the Southeast.
Geologic map of the Big Creek quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky
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An interpretation of the aeromagnetic and gravity data and derivative maps of the Craig and Dixon Entrance 1°x 3° quadrangles and the western edges of the Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles, southeastern Alaska
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is required by the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA, Public Law 96-487) to survey certain Federal lands to determine their mineral resource potential. As part of continuing studies designed to fulfill this responsibility, geochemical, geological and geophysical surveys of the Craig and Dixon Entrance (CDE) 1°x3° quadrangles in southeastern Alaska were undertaken by the USGS during the summers of 1983-85, 1989, and 1991. The geochemical data have been reported by Cathrall and others (1993) and Cathrall (1994). A simplified geologic map has been compiled especially for this report based largely on the work of Eberlein and others (1983) and Gehrels (1991, 1992). Brew (1996) also produced a compilation. This report presents available magnetic and gravity data and an interpretation thereof. In this report (released on CD-ROM in 1999) we are releasing USGS-acquired geophysical data for CDE 1:250,000-scale quadrangles of southeastern Alaska. Much of the data have never appeared before in the public domain, including a simplified geologic map, the raw gravity and magnetic data, and derivative products including depth-to-source images, various grids of the data, imaging representations, rock densities, and overlays of the data. In addition, we have added a limited interpretation of what the gravity and magnetic data indicate about the underlying geology, structures, and their relationship to known and potential hidden mineral resources. This interpretation is necessarily limited in the case of the gravity data by the general sparsity of stations. For convenience, we have also included here various representations of the digital topography.
Fundamental framework geology in the southern Appalachian crystalline core: The U.S. Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (FEDMAP Component) Piedmont-Blue Ridge pPoject
The USGS NCGMP Piedmont-Blue Ridge (PBR) Project aims to develop 4D geologic framework models across the southern Appalachian orogen. The primary objective of the Project is to construct geologic maps and accompanying GeMS geodatabases at scales of 1:24K and 1:100K across the VA-NC-TN state lines where existing geologic map coverage is not adequate (>1:250K) to solve societal and scientific challenges. Two tasks and regional field areas comprise the PBR Project: (1) Piedmont Geology Along the Southeastern Fall Zone, Virginia and North Carolina focuses on eastern Piedmont geology from Richmond, Virginia to Rocky Mount, North Carolina; and (2) Blue Ridge-Inner Piedmont geology covers from the junction of Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee eastward into the Piedmont. Both areas host potential critical mineral deposits, including rare earth elements (REE), lithium, tin, and others (e.g., Ti, U, Ta, Nb, Be, Mn, Ba, Zr). Radon in groundwater is a concern in northwestern North Carolina and southwestern Virginia where preliminary investigation suggests a correlation between REE concentration and radon/uranium in certain rock units and major shear zones. The Fall Zone in southeastern Virginia and northeastern North Carolina is the recharge area for the largest aquifer (Cretaceous Potomac Group) on the southeastern seaboard; this region also hosts marketable deposits of REE-bearing heavy minerals. Slope-stability and earthquake hazards are issues in both areas. Developing the 4-D geologic framework of these relatively unexplored regions and producing seamless geologic maps and geodatabases is necessary to address societal needs and resolve “state-line border faults”. Both Tasks work closely with USGS NCGMP STATEMAP and EDMAP components to further the overall goals of the Program.
The geology and nickel-copper deposits of Yakobi Island, southeastern Alaska
This report briefly describes the nickel-copper deposits of Yakobi Island, southeastern Alaska, as well as the general geology of the island. It also interprets and summarizes the geological data obtained during drilling tests in 1941 and 1942 by the Bureau of Mines and magnetometer exploration in 1943 by the Geological Survey of the nickel-copper deposits. These deposits have been described by Reed and Dorr and much detail has been omitted from this report, as it is available in this bulletin.
Reconnaissance geology, geophysics, and geochemistry of the southeastern part of the Lewis and Clark Range, Montana
No abstract available.
Reconnaissance geologic map of the Preston quadrangle, southeastern Idaho
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Preliminary Geologic Map Of The Livingston Quadrangle, Southeastern Kentucky
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Geologic map of the Scalf Quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky
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Geologic map of the Buckhorn Quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky
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Geological bibliography of the Sitka Quadrangle, southeastern Alaska
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Geology and underground waters of the southeastern part of the Texas Coastal Plain
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Field-trip guide to the southeastern foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains in Santa Clara County, California
This field trip is an introduction to the geology of the southeastern foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains in southern Santa Clara County. Seven stops include four short hikes to access rock exposures and views of the foothills east of Loma Prieta Peak between Gilroy and San José. Field-trip destinations highlight the dominant rock types of the "Franciscan assemblage" including outcrops of serpentinite, basalt, limestone, ribbon chert, graywacke sandstone, and shale. General discussions include how the rocks formed, and how tectonism and stream erosion have changed the landscape through time. All field trip stops are on public land; most are near reservoir dams of the Santa Clara Valley Water District. In addition, stops include examination of an Ohlone Indian heritage site and the New Almaden Mining Museum.
Water-quality assessment within a drainage control district in southeastern Florida
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began an extensive ground- and surface-water quality study in July 1989 to define the baseline water quality within a southeastern Florida drainage district and to develop a data base for future water-resource planning and management. Results were published in a USGS report (Lietz, 1996), comparing ground- and surface-water quality data (1989-94) to the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation Class I drinking-water standards. This Fact Sheet presents an additional 4 years of water-quality data and summarizes water-quality trends over the entire 10-year sampling period (1989-98) for selected sites and constituents.
The effects of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater on the geologic framework and the correlation of hydrogeologic units of southeastern Virginia, south of the James River
About 35 million years ago, a large comet or meteor slammed into the shallow shelf on the western margin of the Atlantic Ocean, creating the Chesapeake Bay impact crater. This report, the second in a series, refines the geologic framework of southeastern Virginia, south of the James River in and near the impact crater, and presents evidence for the existence of a pre-impact James River structural zone. The report includes detailed correlations of core lithologies with borehole geophysical logs; the correlations provide the foundation for the compilation of stratigraphic cross sections. These cross sections are tied into the geologic framework of the lower York-James Peninsula as presented in the first report in the series, Professional Paper 1612