Geologic map of the southern Hijaz quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
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Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
The Barrymore quadrangle (V–59) is a predominantly ridged plains region south of Imdr Regio, incorporating portions of Helen, Nuptadi, and Nsomeka Planitiae. The map area extends from lat 50°–75° S. and long 180°–240°, with nearly 70% coverage by cycle 1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images (left-look, incidence angles 16°–23°) and complete coverage by cycle 2 images (right-look, incidence angles 20°–25°) (fig. 1). The majority of the map area is covered by regional plains material that may either be smooth or deformed by wrinkle ridges or ridge belts of variable spacing. The difference in elevation between highest and lowest points in the map area is about 2.3 km. A north-south-oriented, 1,375-km linear ridge belt named “Saule Dorsa” is in the center of the region. The southern tip of this belt is intersected by a stratigraphically complicated, east-west-trending intermittent series of disrupted material, arcuate depressions and rises, regional plains, and volcanic centers. This region (hereafter referred to as the “east-west disrupted zone”) lies within a belt between 63°–67° S. extending from Kadlu Dorsa to Moombi Corona. A high concentration of canali-type channels (long sinuous lava channels that may contain subsidiary channels that branch off from the main channel [Baker and others, 1992; Komatsu and others, 1992]) occurs in Nsomeka Planitia. This includes Xulab Vallis and Citlalpul Valles, which form the eastern extent of a 3,000-km-long canali system (Komatsu and others, 1993). Three instances of canali bifurcation from north-south to east-west orientations occur in this region (fig. 2). Several large impact craters with fluidized ejecta blanket (FEB) outflows occur in the map area, along with some impact crater extended deposits (parabolas). The latter are mapped as surficial material using stipple patterns over the plains materials. These surficial deposits show variations in radar backscatter properties between cycle 1 and cycle 2 images related to orientation of aeolian dune or ripple faces (for example, Weitz and others, 1994; table 1). This region provides an interesting geologic setting for interpreting the history of regional and local plains formation and evolution, mainly due to development and subsequent deformation of the areally extensive plains units and accompanying canali (Komatsu and Baker, 1994).
The An Nabk and Turayf quadrangles lie at the northern border of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Middle and upper Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks form the surface of the quadrangles, and sedimentary rocks of the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and lower Cenozoic are found in the subsurface. The Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks, described from drill hole records, include the Tabuk, Upper Sudair, Lower Jilh and Aruma formations which are mostly of marine origin. The map area is part of the Sirhan-Turayf Basin and contains the Thaniyat, China, and Arqah Phosphorite members of the Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary Turayf group. Only the Arqah Phosphorite, the uppermost of the three members, crops out at the surface. From its outcrop along the east border of the area, the Arqah dips westward into the subsurface and passes into an argillaceous deeper water fades. The Thaniyat and China also dip westward in the subsurface and pinch out into a deeper water fades. Upper Eocene calcareous claystone and chalk mapped in the Wadi As Sirhan depression on the west side of the map area are named the Rashrashiyah formation, and may be partly equivalent to Eocene bioclastic, chert-bearing carbonate rocks of the Turayf group mapped to the east. The Sirhan formation is a new name for rocks of Miocene(?) age occurring in the Wadi As Sirhan area. These rocks are mostly sandstone of probable continental origin, and contain thin beds of fresh water limestone. However, marine limestone beds also occur, indicating periodic incursions by the sea. Al Harrah, a large Quaternary-Tertiary basalt field in the Sirhan-Turayf Basin, occupies the central part of the map area. The flows consist of silicic alkali olivine basalt, typical of the Cenozoic lava flows of Saudi Arabia. Volcanism appears to be of the continental rift-type and is related to Red Sea rifting. Quaternary calcareous and gypsiferous duricrust is found discontinuously throughout the western part of the map area. At one time it apparently formed a carapace-like cover over all surface rocks, and indicates a much wetter in northern Saudi Arabia than the present climate. The Arqah Phosphorite member is exposed in the northeast corner of the map area and contains thin beds of phosphorite grading from 18 to 30 percent P 2 O 5 - Oil shows have been reported in Cretaceous rocks of the Wadi As Sirhan depression, and oil has been discovered recently nearby in Jordan. Geologic and geophysical conditions are favorable for the entrapment of oil in the Wadi As Sirhan area and additional exploration is recommended.
Tertiary volcanic and intrusive rocks underlie a large area surrounding Marysvale in southwestern Utah. Part of the Beaver quadrangle and four complete 15-minute quadrangles, Marysvale, Delano Peak, Sevier, and Monroe, have been mapped to cover the areal extent of these rocks. Mapping in the Beaver quadrangle has been restricted to the northeastern part, the area containing the western part of this volcanic province. The mapped area of the quadrangle contains the westernmost slopes of the Tushar Mountains, which slopes steeply to the eastern edge of the Great Basin. The area is thoroughly dissected and its topography is extremely rugged, having a maximum relief of more than 3,500 feet. Wildcat, Indian, and North Creeks have developed the most prominent and steeply walled canyons. The area of about 42 square miles lies about 6 miles northeast of Beaver. A main nortb-south thoroughfare, United States Highway 91, connects Beaver with Salt Lake City 208 miles to the north. Roads in the canyons of Indian Creek and North Creek allow entry into the area. The geology of the Beaver quadrangle was mapped by Callaghan, but most of the report was written by Parker from field notes, previous reports, and oral data supplied by Callaghan.
The White Hall 7.5-minute quadrangle is located within the Valley and Ridge province of northern Virginia and the eastern panhandle of West Virginia. The quadrangle is one of several being mapped to investigate the geologic framework and groundwater resources of Frederick County, Va., as well as other areas in the northern Shenandoah Valley of Virginia and West Virginia. All exposed bedrock outcrops are clastic and carbonate strata of Paleozoic age ranging from Middle Cambrian to Late Devonian. Surficial materials include unconsolidated alluvium, colluvium, and terrace deposits of Quaternary age, and local paleo-terrace deposits possibly of Tertiary age. The quadrangle lies across the northeast plunge of the Great North Mountain anticlinorium and includes several other regional folds. The North Mountain fault zone cuts through the eastern part of the quadrangle; it is a series of thrust faults generally oriented northeast-southwest that separate the Silurian and Devonian clastic rocks from the Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks and shales. Karst development in the quadrangle occurs in all of the carbonate rocks. Springs occur mainly near or on faults. Sinkholes occur within all of the carbonate rock units, especially where the rocks have undergone locally intensified deformation through folding, faulting, or some combination.
This digital map database was prepared from the published Preliminary Geologic Map of the Blythe 30' by 60' Quadrangle, California and Arizona (U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-497). This database represents the east half of the original published map. The database contains exactly the same scientific content as the original map; no data have been added to, subtracted from, or modified from the original map. Like the original paper map, this database represents the general distribution of bedrock and surficial deposits in the mapped area. It provides information on the geologic structure and stratigraphy of the area covered. The database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U.S. Geological Survey. The scale of the original published map limits the spatial resolution (scale) of the database to 1:100,000 or smaller.
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The Iaygia quadrangle, in the equatorial region of Mars just north of the Hellas basin, is mainly ancient, hilly, and cratered upland terrain. The southern one-third of the quadrangle is dominated by mountains and knobby materials representing mountains of pre-Hellas material and material related to the Hellas basin and mappable in a 500-km-wide zone circumjacent to it. The northeast quadrant of the quadrangle contains two large arcuate structural scarps and moderately low-albedo mountai n material and knobby deposits, both associated with formation of the Isidis basin (Meyer and Grolier, 1977). The major part of the Iapygia quadrangle is mapped as hilly and cratered upland materials units with subordinate various plains deposits. Although the southern rim of the Syrtis Major basin coincides with the northern margin of the quadrangle along the equator from 285 ˚ to 295 ˚ W., no structural features or ejecta associated with the basin have been identified in either the Iaypgia or Syrtis Major (MC-13) quadrangle. A dominant feature of the landscape with Iaypgia is the 475-km-diameter basin-crater Huygens, which shows subtle evidence of having an inner ring structure ( Wilhelms , 1973). A second basin-sized crater , Schroeter (265-km-diameter), shares its northern rim with the Syrtis Major quadrangle (MC-13) and has a more distinct inner ring structure than Huygens.