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Results for “Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology”

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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
USGS2013

Prolonged retention of methyl mercury by mallard drakes

Mallard drakes accumulated mercury rapidly from dietary dosage of methylmercury dicyandiamide and eliminated it slowly, retaining approximately one half at the end of 84 days; no measurable loss occurred between the end of the 7th and 56th days, but loss resumed concurrently with new feather growth, and continued through the 112th day, the close of the study.

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxico↗
USGS1971

Rapid separation of polychlorinated biphenyls from DDT and its analogues on silica gel

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's), which are used in industry worldwide (i), have been found as residues in numerous wildlife species (2-7). Because of the similarity in chemical characteristics, PCB compounds interfere with gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis of certain chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides (8). In the present study, we sought a rapid microanalytical procedure for separation of PCB's from DDT and its analogues before analysis with GLC. A small silica gel column was found to be suitable for removing two of the Aroclor series of PCB's (1254 and 1260) from DDT and its analogues.

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxico↗
USGS1972

Duck hepatitis virus Interactions with DDT and dieldrin in adult mallards

There has been considerable speculation regarding possible imteractlons within biological systems between synthetic environmental pollutants and infectious disease agents (1-11). This type of interaction has been studied in our laboratory using the mallard, Anas platyrhynchos , as a test species (5,6). Since adult ducks are refractory to the overt manifestations of duck virus hepatitis (DVH) (12) and because duck hepatitis virus (DHV) has a predilection for the liver, the organ responsible for the metabolism of many chemicals, (13) an experiment was undertaken to determine if infection with DHV had any effect on the toxicity to adult mallards of p,p'-DDT or technical grade dieldrin.

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxico↗
USGS1972

Pesticide mortality of young white-faced ibis in Texas

The combination of the symptoms observed in sick and dying birds and the high brain residues in the three birds collected dying, as well as in two of the four collected dead, implicate dieldrin as at least one of the causes of mortality of young ibis at the Lavaca Bay colony. Mercury residues in the kidneys of all four dead young, including those with low brain residues of dieldrin, suggest that birds were exposed to mercury in rice fields and that mercury may also have contributed to the mortality. Since adult ibis normally feed their young on invertebrates collected in rice fields treated with aldrin and Ceresan L, the use of these rice pesticides appears to be a serious hazard to this species, and probably to other wild birds with similar habits.

Texas↗
USGS1972

Organochlorine insecticide, herbicide and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) inhibition of NaK-ATPase in rainbow trout

The current widespread presence of chlorinated insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) and herbicides in world waterways has elicited much interest in the mechanisms of their toxicity in fishes. Inhibition of Na+,K+-activated adenosinetriphosphatase (NaK-ATPase) and Mg++-dependent ATPase (Mg-ATPase) by DDT, endosulfan and dicofol has been demonstrated in gill, brain and kidney microsomes of rainbow trout (1,2). Intestinal and gill ATPases in marine teleosts were recently reported to be sensitive to organochlorines (3). CutkonTp et al (4) noted inhibition of NaK-ATPase and Mg-ATPase in bluegill brain, liver, muscle and kidney by DDT and related chlorinated hydrocarbons. Inhibition of ATPases by PCB's has been recently shown in bluegill kidney, brain and liver (5). In the present study, we have further examined the NaK-ATPase enzyme system in trout gill as a site for the possible toxicity of selected organopolychlors, i.e., chlorinated insecticides, herbicides and PCB's.

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxico↗
USGS1973

Thickness of the American woodcock eggshell, 1971

Eggs or empty shells of the American woodcockwere collected from 10 states in 1971and shell thickness (mean of clutch means) was compared with that of eggs collected from 16 states during the years 1859-1939. The 1971 shells (n = 91) from hatched eggs or those containing fully developed embryos were about i0 percent thinner (P<0.001) than both unembryonated shells (n = 26) from the same year and the 1859-1939 shells (n = 169) from essentially unembryonated eggs. The difference is attributed to the transfer of calcium from the shells to the embryos and not to environmental pollutants.

Connecticut, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryla↗