Driophlox, a new genus of cardinalid (Aves: Passeriformes: Cardinalidae)
No abstract available.
Zootaxa↗
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Phylogenomics, male internal genitalia, a new species, and other notes on New World Stenopelmatus Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatini)
Based on past and expanded DNA sampling, the orthopteran families Stenopelmatidae and Anostostomatidae, as currently structured, are shown to be non-monophyletic. The splay-footed cricket genus Comicus is confirmed to be genetically distinct from all Stenopelmatidae. We add two specimens to our previously published phylogenetic tree for New World Stenopelmatus Jerusalem cricket species and report the first multilocus DNA recovery for S. ater from Costa Rica. Male internal genitalia may be of systematic value in Jerusalem crickets, but we believe they should be analyzed when in their unfolded, “physiologically functional” configuration, where morphological characters can be seen in more detail when compared to their preserved, folded state. We describe Stenopelmatus nuevoguatemalae n. sp. from Guatemala.
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Systematics of three Amazonian antwren groups (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae: Myrmotherula and Isleria)
Working within the framework of a companion phylogenetic analysis, we reexamined species limits within three lineages of antwrens (two species and one species complex) widely distributed across the Amazon Basin. Diagnostic differences in vocal and plumage characters provided the basis for the following taxonomic revisions. Myrmotherula longipennis is found to comprise three species: (1) M. longipennis ( sensu stricto ), which is confined to the region north of the Amazon; (2) M. garbei , which is elevated from subspecies status and includes the subspecies zimmeri ; and (3) M. paraensis , which is also elevated from subspecies status and includes subspecies transitiva and ochrogyna . Myrmotherula menetriesii also comprises three species: (1) M. menetriesii ( sensu stricto ), which occurs in the southwest quadrant of Amazonia and includes the subspecies berlepschi ; (2) M. cinereiventris , which is elevated from subspecies status and includes the subspecies pallida ; and (3) M. omissa , which is monotypic and is also elevated from subspecies status. We maintain two species in the Isleria complex, I. guttata and I. hauxwelli . Isleria guttata remains monotypic, but the subspecies of I. hauxwelli are revised. Isleria h. hellmayri is preserved as currently defined, but I. h. suffusa is synonymized with the nominate form, the geographic range of which is restricted to western Amazonia. A fourth subspecies, I. h. clarior , is resurrected; this subspecies occupies the major part of the range previously assigned to I. h. hauxwelli .
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A review of the genus Eclipidrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbricul-idae), with description of a new species from western North America
Eclipidrilus pacificus n. sp., from northwestern USA, is distinguished from other Eclipidrilus by having a single atrium with midventral male pore, small penis, prostomium without a proboscis, and non-spiraling atrial musculature. Most populations also differ from congeners in having paired spermathecal pores anterior to the ventral chaetae, but specimens from the Columbia River have variable number and placement of the spermathecae. An unusual spiral orientation of the atrial musculature has previously been used to define Eclipidrilus. However, orientation of the atrial muscle layers varies among the previously described species, and does not provide a distinctive synapomorphy for the genus as a whole. Consequently, the genus is redefined to include species having elongate-petiolate atria with an inner, near-transverse muscle layer and an outer, longitudinal to spiral muscle layer.
Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington↗
A new species of the genus Centrolene (Amphibia : Anura : Centrolenidae) from Ecuador with comments on the taxonomy and biogeography of Glassfrogs
We describe a new species of Glassfrog, Centrolene mariaelenae n. sp., from the Contrafuerte de Tzunantza, southeastern Ecuador. The new species is assigned to the Centrolene gorzulai species group, a clade previously known only from the Guayana Shield region, because the parietal peritoneum is transparent and the hepatic peritoneum is covered by guanophores. We analyze the diversity patterns of Glassfrogs from eastern Ecuador. The distribution of the new species herein described supports previous hypothesis of a biogeographical connection between the Andes and the Guayana Shield for various groups of plants and animals; particularly a relationship between the Guayana Shield and the sandstone outcrops mountain ranges of southeastern Ecuador and northeastern Peru. We also comment on the infrageneric and generic classification of Glassfrogs, and propose the new combinations Centrolene balionotum n. comb., Cochranella antisthenesi n. comb., and Cochranella pulverata n. comb.
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Certhiasomus, a new genus of woodcreeper (Aves: Passeriformes: Dendrocolaptidae)
Phylogenetic analysis of the family Dendrocolaptidae (Aves: Passeriformes) indicates that the two species traditionally placed in the genus Deconychura are not sister taxa. Certhiasomus, a new genus of woodcreeper, is described for one of these species, C. stictolaemus.
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Pseudasthenes , a new genus of ovenbird (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
Phylogenetic analysis of the family Furnariidae (Aves: Passeriformes) indicates that the genus Asthenes is polyphyletic, consisting of two groups that are not sister taxa. Pseudasthenes , a new genus of ovenbird, is described for one of these groups. The four species included in the new genus, formerly placed in Asthenes , are P. humicola , P. patagonica , P. steinbachi , and P. cactorum .
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Molecular phylogeny of the spoonbills (Aves: Threskiornithidae) based on mitochondrial DNA
Spoonbills (genus Platalea ) are a small group of wading birds, generally considered to constitute the subfamily Plataleinae (Aves: Threskiornithidae). We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships among the six species of spoonbills using variation in sequences of the mitochondrial genes ND2 and cytochrome b (total 1796 bp). Topologies of phylogenetic trees reconstructed using maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian analyses were virtually identical and supported monophyly of the spoonbills. Most relationships within Platalea received strong support: P. minor and P. regia were closely related sister species, P. leucorodia was sister to the minor-regia clade, and P. alba was sister to the minor-regia-leucorodia clade. Relationships of P. flavipes and P. ajaja were less well resolved: these species either formed a clade that was sister to the four-species clade, or were successive sisters to this clade. This phylogeny is consistent with ideas of relatedness derived from spoonbill morphology. Our limited sampling of the Threskiornithinae (ibises), the putative sister group to the spoonbills, indicated that this group is paraphyletic, in agreement with previous molecular data; this suggests that separation of the Threskiornithidae into subfamilies Plataleinae and Threskiornithinae may not be warranted.
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A new species of freshwater mussel (Bivalvia: Unionidae), Pleurobema athearni, from the Coosa River Drainage of Alabama, USA
The Mobile Basin historically supported one of the most diverse freshwater mussel (Bivalvia: Unionidae) assemblages in North America. More than 65 species of mussels are known from the Basin, but it is difficult to determine how many species were present historically. The drainage's unique physical habitat was largely destroyed between the late 1800s and mid-1900s by impoundment and channel modifications of most of the larger rivers. Many species that were once common are now restricted to small headwater rivers and mid-sized tributaries. Recent Coosa River tributary surveys revealed a new, undescribed species of Pleurobema. This new species, Pleurobema athearni, is distinctive in outward appearance, shell morphometry and reproductive morphology, and can be distinguished from other Coosa River drainage unionids. Our analysis indicates that P. athearni is morphologically different from other similar taxa. It differs both in shell width/length and width/height ratios and thus provides a simple, quantitative means to differentiate this species from P. georgianum (Lea, 1841) Fusconaia barnesiana (Lea, 1838), and F. cerina (Conrad, 1838), which it superficially resembles and that also occur in the area. Our morphological diagnosis of this species is supported by recent molecular analyses that suggest this species is a Pleurobema and one closely related to other endemic Coosa River drainage unionids. The discovery of a new species of large, long-lived macroinvertebrate from a relatively well-sampled drainage in a populated region of the southeast United States underscores the need for more detailed surveys in isolated stretches of tributary streams. It should also serve as a reminder that almost 40 species of aquatic mollusks have been extirpated from the Mobile Basin before anything could be learned about their habitat or life history requirements. Copyright ?? 2006 Magnolia Press.
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Geocerthia, a new genus of terrestrial ovenbird (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
[No abstract available]
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New synonymies in the bee genus Nomada from North America (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
We provide diagnostic morphological characters to help distinguish males and females of the following species of Nomada: N. augustiana Mitchell, N. bethunei Cockerell, N. fervida Smith, N. fragariae Mitchell, N. lehighensis Cockerell, N. texana Cresson, and N. tiftonensis Cockerell. Based on morphological and DNA barcoding evidence we newly synonymize the following species: N. heligbrodtii Cresson (under N. texana), N. indusata Mitchell (under N. augustiana), N. kingstonensis Mitchell (under N. lehighensis), N. pseudops Cockerell (under N. bethunei), and N. wisconsinensis Graenicher (under N. fervida). We provide full descriptions of the female of N. fragariae and the male of N. lehighensis, both of which were not previously known, and newly designate the lectotype of N. wisconsinensis. We additionally provide comments on the distribution, flight times, and host associations for the treated species. Copyright ?? 2010.
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