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USGS1919

Fortieth annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The fortieth annual report of the United States Geological Survey is an appropriate place in which to compare the present scope of the work with that of the work done during the first year of this organization. The growth of the Survey is suggested by a comparison of the appropriations for 1918-19, which comprise items amounting to $1,437,745, with the total appropriation of $106,000 for the first year, 1879-80. During the 40 years the personnel has been increased from 39 to 967. The corresponding growth in public functions of the organization, which is one of the oldest of the Federal scientific bureaus, can be inferred from the detailed report of activities which makes up the greater part of this volume. The past year has been the most notable in the Survey's history, as it marked the completion of the period of its largest national contribution, and the later half of the year was largely a time of readjustment of program. It seems opportune, therefore, that the special topics discussed in the pages immediately following should be forward-looking and suggestive of the larger usefulness planned for the Geological Survey in the future.

Annual Report↗
USGS1901

Twenty-First Annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, 1899-1900: Part VII - Texas

Area treated. —The Black and Grand prairies of Texas and southern Indian Territory comprise about 50,000 square miles (see Pl. LXV, in pocket)—an area equal to that of fifty of the quadrangles mapped and described by the United States Geological Survey in its Geologic Atlas of the United States. The accompanying general geologic map (Pl. LXVI, in pocket) is a condensed presentation of the geology usually shown on that number of atlas sheets as published in folio form. Most of these quadrangles have been studied by the writer and his former assistants. Sources of data. —An entirely satisfactory presentation of these results is still impossible by reason of the lack of adequate maps. The topographic maps of the United States Geological Survey, which cover 24 of the 50 units of area, were made in the earlier years of the Survey and with a contour interval insufficient for the expression of the geology. For the remaining portion of the area it was necessary to use as a base the Land Office maps of the State of Texas. The conclusions herein presented, often condensed in a short paragraph, are founded upon a large amount of paleontologic, stratigraphic, and topographic data. The results, so far as they refer to the Black and Grand prairies, are the outcome of studies made by the writer since 1882, sometimes independently, sometimes with the assistance of the United States Geological Survey, and during two years in connection with the Texas Geological Survey. In times past he has been assisted in this work by his former students, C. C. McCulloch, now captain, U. S. A.; Messrs. Wilson T. Davidson and L. T. Dashiel; Mr. Joseph A. Taff, now of the United States Geological Survey; Dr. J. W. Stone, Mr. N. F. Drake, and Mr. G. H. Ragsdale. Inasmuch as the details which these gentlemem worked out were problems of the writer's suggestion, he has incorporated them into this paper, and here acknowledges indebtedness therefor. Upon the writer's retirement from the Texas Survey, Mr. Taff continued the work of mapping the region. He published two reports, which have been freely used and which have been of great assistance in the preparation of this paper. Importance of paleontology. —In addition to the collection of the data which appear in the text and illustrations, much paleontologic research has been necessary in order to classify the formations. Paleontology is the most reliable guide in determining the position of any bed in the geologic series with a view to ascertaining the depth, from any particular portion of the surface, of the underground waters in the Cretaceous regions of Texas. If a few species of fossils, such as can be found in any locality, be sent to one familiar with the sequence of the beds, he can predict within a few feet the depth below the surface of any particular water-bearing stratum in the series. It was a labor of years to disentangle the preexisting confusion concerning the occurrence and succession of these fossils and their bearings upon the determination and definition of the strata. Their further consideration has been left to Mr. T. W. Stanton, who, it is presumed, will make final publication of the descriptions and the scientific results. This is not a final and complete report. Detailed field work is desirable in many localities. Chemical analyses of water and illustrations of typical scenery should be more complete, but these were not obtainable with the means and time at the writer's disposal. When appreciation of geologic investigation shall have been awakened in Texas and the region under discussion shall have been studied more closely by resident students, in the manner now common in other parts of the United States, the data here presented will be largely increased and refined, and the conclusions will doubtless be correspondingly amended and rectified.

Texas↗
USGS2007

Issues, benefits, and problems associated with fishing tournaments in inland waters of the United States: A survey of fishery agency administrators

A web-based survey was administered to state fisheries agency administrators in 2005 to assess and prioritize the impacts of tournament fishing on management of inland fishery resources. Surveys were completed by fishery administrators of 48 state agencies and the District of Columbia. Respondents rated tournaments as neither strongly benefiting nor adversely affecting fishery management. Benefits of tournaments to fishery management grouped into four factors (in order of decreasing impact) characterized as enhancing fishery management agency effectiveness, stimulating interest in fishing and fishery resources, measuring economic value, and collecting biological information. Adverse impacts grouped into six factors (in order of decreasing impact), characterized as resource crowding, user-group conflicts, costs of tournaments to fishery agencies, non-traditional uses of fisheries resources, fish introductions, and adverse affects on fish populations. Tournament issues and impacts generally did not differ regionally and suggested the effects of tournaments do not vary among different fisheries. Comparison with previous surveys indicates that the prevalence of some benefits and problems have changed since 1989. Social issues remained paramount problems, but biological impacts were considered a lesser problem. Agencies recognized that tournaments can benefit fisheries management efforts and angler recruitment. Future management of tournaments should consider a management team approach.

Fisheries↗
USGS1885

Tables of geographic positions, azimuths, and distances, together with lists of barometric altituudes, magnetic declinations, and itineraries of important routes, from data gathered by parties of the United States Geographical Surveys west of the 100th meridian, operating in the States and Territories of California, Colorado, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, and Wyoming, 1883

Through the following tables there are presented, in accessible form, such portions of the more important numerical results of this Survey, from the year 1873 to 1879, inclusive, as it has been found neeessar, to compute pari passu with the plottings made from the field notes, together with such additional determinations as may have been required in the construction of the final atlas sheets. The speed with which results were demanded and produced during the years that field observations were in progress, and the subsequent paucity in office assistance, have rendered it impossible to exhaust the subject under any one of the headings found in the contents. Such results, however, as would seem to be of the greatest general interest and usefulness have been collected in this volume, which is submitted to take a place among the miscellaneous publications of the Survey, wherein its importance will correspond in a measure to the number of positions, elevations, distances, &c. (of which there are many), not hitherto in print.

Arizona;California;Colorado;Idaho;Montana;Nebraska↗
USGS1908

Twenty-ninth annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The appropriations for the work of the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1907-8 comprised items amounting to $1,661,420. The plan of operations was approved by the Secretary of the Interior and a detailed statement of the work of the various branches and divisions of the Survey is presented on later pages of this report.

Annual Report↗
USGS1909

Thirtieth annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The appropriations for the work of the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1908-9 comprised items amounting to $1,590,680. The plan of operations was approved by the Secretary of the Interior, and a detailed statement of the work of the various branches and divisions of the Survey is presented on later pages of this report.

Annual Report↗
USGS1910

Thirty-first annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The appropriations for the work of the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1909-10 comprised items amounting to $1,497,815. The plan of operations was approved by the Secretary of the Interior, and a detailed statement of the work of the several branches and divisions of the Survey is presented on later pages of this report.

Annual Report↗
USGS1911

Thirty-second annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The appropriations for the work of the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1910-11 comprised items amounting to $1,477,440. The plan of operations was approved by the Secretary of the Interior and a detailed statement of the work of the several branches and divisions of the Survey is presented on later pages of this report.

Annual Report↗
USGS1912

Thirty-third annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The appropriations for the work of the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1911-12 comprised items amounting to $1,507,920. The plan of operations was approved by the Secretary of the Interior and a detailed statement of the work of the several branches and divisions of the Survey is presented on later pages of this report.

Annual Report↗
USGS1913

Thirty-fourth annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The appropriations for the work of the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1912-13 comprised items amounting to $1,497,920. The plan of operations was approved by the Secretary of the Interior, and a detailed statement of the work of the several branches and divisions of the Survey is presented on later pages of this report.

Annual Report↗
USGS1914

Thirty-fifth annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The appropriations for the work of the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1913-14 comprised items amounting to $1,517,920. The plan of operations was approved by the Secretary of the Interior, and a detailed statement of the work of the several branches and divisions of the Survey is presented on later pages of this report.

Annual Report↗
USGS1915

Thirty-sixth annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The appropriations for the work of the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1914-15 comprised items amounting to $1,620,520. The plan of operations was approved by the Secretary of the Interior, and a detailed statement of the work of the several branches and divisions of the Survey is presented on later pages of this report.

Annual Report↗
USGS1920

Forty-first annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

The appropriations for the public work under the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1919-20 comprised items amounting to $1,586,353.50. In general the results of the varied activities of the Geological Survey may be regarded as meeting with a constantly increasing measure of public approval, as shown by the larger use that is being made of this branch of the public service. Correspondence with all classes of citizens—ranchers and corporation officials, school children and university professors, prospectors and mining engineers—has continued to increase, and this gain has been evident in the requests both for specific information and for publications. Ten years ago a telegraphic request for a map or report was a notable incident; now telegrams of this kind are of daily occurrence. Especially gratifying has been the popular demand for topographic maps, the increase in sales this year being 70 per cent. The number of all publications—books and maps—distributed during the year exceeded the number printed this year, this disproving the common assertion that Government publications simply accumulate until they become only waste paper. Indeed, an embarrassing feature of much of the correspondence during the year has been the thousands of requests for reports that were out of print, and more reprints than usual of exhausted editions have been authorized to meet an insistent demand. The public is making use of the publications of the Geological Survey as never before.

Annual Report↗
USGS1981

Chemical analysis of 45 Maryland coal samples

This report is part of a continuing program by the U.S. Geological Survey, State Geological Surveys, and the Coal Analysis Section of the U.S. Department of Energy to provide chemical data on the composition of important coal beds of the United States of America. Such data are useful in determining the economic value of a coal, environmental effects of coal mining and coal use, and the adaptability of a coal to cleaning and to other technological processes of coal treatment and usage.

Maryland↗
USGS1977

The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Organization and status of programs in 1977

United States Geological Survey projects in Alaska include a wide range of topics of economic and scientific interest. Studies in 1976 include economic geology, regional geology, stratigraphy, environmental geology, engineering geology, hydrology, and marine geology. Discussions of the findings or, in some instances, narratives of the course of the investigations are grouped in eight subdivisions corresponding to the six major onshore geographic regions, the offshore projects, and projects that are statewide in scope. Locations of the study areas are shown. In addition, many reports and maps covering various aspects of the geology and mineral and water resources of the State were published. These publications are listed. (Woodard-USGS)

Circular↗
USGS1891

Eleventh Annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, Part 2- Irrigation: 1889-1890

The work of the United States Irrigation Survey during the second year has been carried oil under the appropriation of $250,000 made March 2, 1889, by the force organized and equipped during the previous year. This is pursuant to the purposes outlined in the first annual report, which explains the origin, purpose, and plan of the Survey, publishes the instructions to the chiefs of the larger divisions, and gives the report of the topographic division to the end of the first fiscal year, and the reports of the hydrographic and engineering divisions during the greater part of the calendar year 1889.

Annual Report↗
USGS1915

Analyses of rocks and minerals from the laboratory of the United States Geological Survey, 1880 to 1914

The present Geological Survey of the United States was organized in 1879. In 1880, in connection with the Colorado work, a chemical laboratory was established at Denver in charge of W. F. Hillebrand, with whom were associated Antony Guyard and, later, L. G. Eakins. In 1882 W. H. Melville was placed in charge of a second laboratory at San Francisco, and in the autumn of 1883 the central laboratory was started in Washington, with myself as chief chemist. In November, 1885, Dr. Hillebrand was transferred to Washington; early in 1888 he was followed by Mr. Eakins, and the Denver laboratory was discontinued. In the spring of 1890 Dr. Melville also was transferred to Washington, and since then the geochemical work of the Survey has been concentrated at headquarters. The special laboratories of the water-resources and technologic branches of the Survey are not included in this statement and their work is not represented in this bulletin. Up to January 1, 1914, nearly 8,000 analyses have been made in the laboratory at Washington of rocks, minerals, ores, waters, sediments, coals, metals, and other substances with which geology has to do. Some-hundreds of analyses were also made in the laboratories at Denver and San Francisco. A fair amount of research work upon mineralogical and analytical problems has also been done. In *all of this work the following chemists have been employed: E. T. Allen, R. K. Bailey, Charles Catlett, T. M. Chatard, F. W. Clarke, L. G. Eakins, J. G. Fairchild, F. A. Gooch, Antony Guyard, W. B. Hicks, W. F. Hillebrand, W. F. Hunt, W. H. Melville, H. C. McNeil, Chase Palmer, R. B. Riggs, W. T. Schaller, E. A. Schneider, George Steiger, H. N. Stokes, E. C. Sullivan, William Valentine, R. C. Wells, W. C. Wheeler, and J. E. Whitfield. At present, January 1, 1914, eight of these chemists are employed in the Survey. Other officers of the Survey have been occupied more or less with chemical questions, but the men named in this list were connected directly with the laboratory. Some work for the chemical division has also been done by chemists not regularly on the rolls of the Survey, but their analyses, with the exception of a single group to be noted later, do not fall within the scope of this paper.

Bulletin↗