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Results for “Report of Investigation”

Search indexed USGS publications on groundwater, aquifers, geologic maps, mineral resources and earthquakes. Explore source records by subject and place.

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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
USGS1956

Progress report number 1: investigations of some sedimentation characteristics of a sand-bed stream

Several important aspects of sediment transport have been investigated by utilizing data from the turbulence flume in the Middle Loup River at Dunning, Nebr. These data have also been used to evaluate sedimentation formulas. However, additional work of a research nature is needed to provide information on specific transport phenomena and on field procedures. On August 26, 1955, representatives of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and U.S. Geological Survey met in Denver, Colo., to discuss these needs and the sediment investigations to be made at the Middle Loup River at Dunning, Nebr., during 1956.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1959

Progress report on the investigations of bauxite deposits in the eastern part of Kauai, Hawaii

Investigations of bauxite deposits on Kauai by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the State of Hawaii were begun July 1, 1959. The investigations, as planned, are to consist of two phases, each of two years duration. The geological investigations of the bauxite and associated rocks in the field and a considerable amount of chemical and mineralogical work in the laboratory are planned for completion during the first two years of the project. During this phase, a geologist and an assistant will be working on Kauai and geologists, mineralogists, and chemists will be analyzing and studying samples of the bauxite in laboratories of the Geological Survey at Beltsville, Maryland, and Washington, D. C. The work during the second phase of the investigations will be carried on at Beltsville and Washington and will consist of completion of chemical and mineralogical investigations, compilation of maps, analysis of field and laboratory data including determination of the size and quality of the bauxite deposits in the eastern part of Kauai, mineralogical research on bauxite samples, and preparation of a final geological report.

Hawaii↗
USGS1977

Progress report on uranium investigations in the Zane Hills area, west-central Alaska

The Zane Hills pluton underlies a mountainous area of about 460 km 2 in west-central Alaska and is locally enriched in uranium and thorium (Miller and Ferrians, 1968; Miller, 1970; Staatz and Miller, 1976). While over 90 percent of the pluton consists of granodiorite with average contents of uranium and thorium, zones of porphyritic to gneissic monzonite along the southern and eastern margins of the pluton (fig. 1) contain as much as 100 ppm (parts per million) uranium and 269 ppm thorium (Staatz and Miller, 1976; table 1, this report). This report presents information obtained in 1976 on the relationship of the uraniferous monzonite to the granodiorite and on uranium enrichment outside the pluton as part of an on-going study of the area.

Alaska↗
USGS1953

A preliminary report of geochemical investigations in the Blackbird District

This paper reviews an experimental geochemical prospecting survey in the Blackbird cobalt-copper mining district. The district is in east-central Idaho, about 20 miles west-southwest of Salmon. The area is one of deeply weathered nearly flat-topped upland surfaces cut by steep-walled valleys which are tributary to the canyon of Panther Creek. Most of the area has a relatively heavy vegetative cover, and outcrops are scarce except on the sides of the steeper valleys* Because of the importance of the surficial deposits and soils and the physiographic history of the region on the interpretation of the geochemical data, a separate chapter on this subject by Gerald H. Richmond follows the following brief description of the geology of the district.

Idaho↗
USGS1980

Interim report on the investigation of flooding in the Tug Fork basin of Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia

An analytical plan is presented for a study of the effects of land-use changes on the magnitude and frequency of flood-peak flows and on sediment characteristics of the Tug Fork in Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia. The plan includes compilation and analysis of available data, collection of new data on small, single land-use drainage areas for deterministic computer modeling, and creation of a computer model of the Tug Fork basin for definition of cumulative land-use impacts. Also presented is a compilation of the available hydrologic data and a description of related studies expected to provide information and data useful to the ongoing work. The data compilation includes: Hourly precipitation for selected days and annual maximum daily precipitation for nine sites, annual maximum streamflow rates and stages for three stream-gaging sites, hourly gageheight and discharge rates for selected storms at four stream-gaging sites, flood profiles, flood-frequency relations, and other streamflow information.

Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia↗
USGS2005

Hydrogeology and trichloroethene contamination in the sea-level aquifer beneath the Logistics Center, Fort Lewis, Washington

The U.S. Army disposed of waste trichloroethene (TCE) and other materials in the East Gate Disposal Yard near the Logistics Center on Fort Lewis, Washington, from the 1940s to the early 1970s. As a result, ground water contaminated with primarily TCE extends more than 3 miles downgradient from the East Gate Disposal Yard. The site is underlain by a complex and heterogeneous sequence of glacial and non-glacial deposits that have been broadly categorized into an upper and a lower aquifer (the latter referred to as the sea-level aquifer). TCE contamination was detected in both aquifers. This report describes an investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) of the source, migration, and attenuation of TCE in the sea-level aquifer. A refined conceptual model for ground-water flow and contaminant migration into and through the sea-level aquifer was developed in large part from interpretation of environmental tracer data. The tracers used included stable isotopes of oxygen (18O), hydrogen (2H), and carbon (13C); the radioactive hydrogen isotope tritium (3H); common ions and redox-related analytes; chlorofluorocarbons; and sulfur hexafluoride. Tracer and TCE concentrations were determined for samples collected by the USGS from 37 wells and two surface-water sites in American Lake during 1999-2000. Ground-water levels were measured by the USGS in more than 40 wells during 2000-01, and were combined with measurements by the U.S. Army and others to create potentiometric-surface maps. Localized ground-water flow features were identified that are of particular relevance to the migration of TCE in the study area. A ridge of ground water beneath American Lake diverts the flow of TCE-contaminated ground water in the sea-level aquifer to the west around the southern end of the lake. Tracer data provided clear evidence that American Lake is a significant source of recharge to the sea-level aquifer that has created that ridge of ground water. High ground-water altitudes at locations north and northeast of the Logistics Center combined with the ridge beneath American Lake prevent TCE contaminated water beneath the Logistics Center from migrating toward municipal water-supply wells northeast of the site. The 1999-2000 TCE concentrations measured by the USGS at older wells screened in the sea-level aquifer were similar to those measured since 1995, but the known downgradient extent of the TCE contamination expanded nearly 2 miles after the Army installed and sampled new wells during 2003-04. Concentrations of TCE in the sea-level aquifer were consistently highest in the upper part of the aquifer throughout the plume, although TCE has spread throughout much of the thickness of the aquifer in the downgradient portions of the plume. Environmental tracer data indicated that the primary pathway for contaminant migration into the sea-level aquifer is through the previously identified confining unit window, an area where the predominately fine-grained confining unit is relatively coarse grained and more permeable. Other less substantial pathways for contaminant migration also were identified near the East Gate Disposal Yard and the I-5 pump-and-treat facilities. Those areas are near active pumping wells and ground-water reintroduction facilities, but there is no evidence that the contaminant migration was caused or enhanced by those activities. Within the sea-level aquifer, TCE concentrations continue to migrate westward in the flow field strongly influenced by ground-water recharge from American Lake. Historical data are not available to definitively determine if the 5-?g/L leading edge of the current TCE plume is stable or if it is still moving downgradient. However, an evaluation of the available data combined with TCE traveltime estimates indicates that the peak TCE concentrations in the sea-level aquifer may have not yet reached the wells near the currently defined leading edge of the plume. Hypothetically, the 5-?g/L leading edge

Scientific Investigations Report↗
USGS2009

Injection-Site Reactions in Wild Horses (Equus caballus) Receiving an Immunocontraceptive Vaccine

The U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of Land Management are conducting research on the efficacy of the immunocontraceptive agent porcine zona pellucida (PZP) in reducing fertility of wild horses (Equus caballus). As an antigen, PZP stimulates antibody production when injected into many mammalian species. These antibodies bind to the external surface of the ovum, preventing fertilization. By itself, PZP is only weakly immunogenic and is therefore delivered with an adjuvant, most commonly one of the Freund adjuvants, designed to further stimulate antibody production. Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) in particular is known to be very effective, but may also be associated with undesirable side effects such as formation of abscesses at injection sites. Such reactions may be exacerbated when accompanied by the additional trauma of a remotely delivered dart. Because horses in our three study herds were individually identifiable by color markings and harem association, we were able to monitor mares for injection-site reactions (abscesses, nodules, swelling, and stiffness) following inoculation with PZP. In 100 injections delivered by hand we observed a single nodule, two instances of swelling, and no other reactions. In two herds that received remotely delivered (dart) injections, the frequency of reactions was about 1 and 6 percent for abscesses, 25 percent for nodules (both herds), 11 and 33 percent for swelling, and 1 and 12 percent for stiffness. Abscesses were too infrequent to allow meaningful analysis of the relation to covariates, but for the other types of reactions we used logistic regression to examine the relation of occurrence to the delivery method (rifle or CO2-powered blowgun), adjuvant (FCA, Freund's modified adjuvant, and Freund's incomplete adjuvant), dart trauma (normal or abnormal), and age of mare. Abnormal dart trauma included cases where the dart hit bone or the needle broke off. We found strong evidence (odds ratio = 5.023, P = 0.001) for a higher probability of occurrence of swelling when darts were delivered by blowgun. We found some evidence (odds ratio = 8.729, P = 0.07) that abnormal dart trauma led to a higher frequency of nodule formation. Nodules were the most common reactions observed and often persisted for a year or more, but in our observations they did not appear to change any animal's range of movement or locomotor patterns and in most cases did not appear to differ in magnitude from naturally occurring injuries or scars. We were unable to perform histological examinations of these nodules, but they may be similar to granulomas reported by other investigators following administration of Freund's adjuvant.

Scientific Investigations Report↗
USGS2010

Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative Science and Management Workshop Proceedings, May 12-14, 2009, Laramie, Wyoming

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) hosted the second Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI) Science and Management Workshop at the University of Wyoming Conference Center and Hilton Garden Inn on May 12, 13, and 14, 2009, in Laramie, Wyo. The workshop focused on six topics seen as relevant to ongoing WLCI science and management activities: mapping and modeling resources for decisionmaking; data information and management; fish and wildlife research; changing landscapes; monitoring; and reclamation and offsite mitigation. Panelists gave presentations on ongoing research in these six areas during plenary sessions followed by audience discussions. Three breakout groups focused on discussing wildlife, reclamation, and monitoring. Throughout the plenary sessions, audience discussions, and breakout groups, several needs were repeatedly emphasized by panelists and workshop participants: developing a conservation plan and identifying priority areas and species for conservation actions; gaining a deeper understanding of sagebrush ecology; identifying thresholds for wildlife that can be used to create an 'early warning system' for managers; continuing to collect basic data across the landscape; facilitating even greater communication and partnership across agencies and between scientists and land managers; and engaging proactively in understanding new changes on the landscape such as wind energy development and climate change. Detailed proceedings from the workshop are captured and summarized in this report.

Scientific Investigations Report↗