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And Then There Were None: The Demise of Desert Bighorn Sheep in the Pusch Ridge Wilderness. Paul R.Krausman. 2017. The University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA. 248 pp. $65.00 hardcover. ISBN 978‐0‐8263‐5785‐4.
Understanding how animals use space is a vital aspect of conservation planning and wildlife management. Technological developments (e.g., increased computer power and desktop geographic information system [GIS] applications) are bringing the ability to analyze spatial data sets to the individual biologist. Therefore, it is not surprising that methodologies have been developed to incorporate space into capture-recapture models, which are some of the most fundamental models in the field of wildlife ecology. Spatial Capture-Recapture (hereafter SCR) is a timely and informative contribution that summarizes the history and motivation behind SCR models, in addition to providing details of the methodological framework that allows the reader to develop and customize SCR models to address their own ecological questions. Review info: Spatial Capture-Recapture. By J. Andrew Royle, Richard B. Chandler, Rahel Sollmann, and Beth Gardner, 2014. ISBN: 978-0124059399, 577 pp.
Review of Meriluoto, Jussi, Lisa Spoof, and GeoffreyA. Codd [eds.]. 2017. Handbook of Cyanobacterial Monitoring and Cyanotoxin Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.: Chichester, West Sussex, UK, ISBN 978‐1‐119‐06868‐6 (978‐1‐119‐06876‐1 eBook), DOI 10.1002/9781119068761.
Review of: Antarctic Seals: Research Methods and Techniques. Edited by R. M. LAWS. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1993). Pp. xxii+390. Price $84.95.
“Three Great Tsunamis: Lisbon (1755), Sumatra–Andaman (2004), and Japan (2011)” is published in Springer’s new series SpringerBriefs. According to Springer’s website, the SpringBriefs volumes are intended to provide “concise summaries of cutting-edge research and practical applications across a wide spectrum of fields”. Among the several categories considered for SpringerBriefs are in-depth case studies, for which this volume is most closely aligned. This 89-page volume comprises six chapters. Chapter 1 describes the fundamentals of tsunamis at a basic level, including a selective list of major historical tsunamis. Chapter 2 describes the 1755 Lisbon earthquake and tsunami, although no tectonic background is given for this event, as it is for the other two events considered in this volume. Included in this chapter, however, is a brief but fascinating account of how this earthquake affected scientific and philosophical thought during the Age of Enlightenment. The authors’ description of the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake and tsunami in Chapter 3 includes instrumental and post-tsunami measurements of the tsunami, ground shaking and subsidence, and other effects such as mud volcanoes. Primarily, tsunami observations are described for the 2011 Japan event, including a brief summary of the nuclear disaster in the Fukushima region. The fifth chapter is on tsunami warning systems, including new and emerging systems around the world in the twenty-first century. The final chapter provides perspectives on why these events were so destructive and how future hazards may be mitigated. Review info: Three Great Tsunamis: Lisbon (1755), Sumatra–Andaman (2004), and Japan (2011). By Harsh K. Gupta and Vineet K. Gahalaut, 2013. ISBN: 978-9400765757
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Review of: E.J. Branson (ed): Fish Welfare Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2008, xvi + 300 pp, Hardback, ISBN-13:978-1-4051-4629-6.
Review of: L. G. Ross and B. Ross: Anaesthetic and sedative techniques for aquatic animals (Third Edition). Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2008, x + 222 pp, Hardback, ISBN-978-1-4051-4938-9.
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The quasispecies concept had two independent origins. One source was the theoretical ideas of Manfred Eigen and Peter Schuster in the 1970s. Studying the self-organization and evolution of primitive RNA molecules, they defined quasispecies as a distribution of mutant viral genomes generated by the mutation-selection process. In particular, the quasispecies nucleotide distribution consists of a singular fittest genotype, called the master sequence, surrounded by similar mutant spectra. The other source of the quasispecies concept can be traced to the growing empirical knowledge on RNA viruses formulated around the same time. Genomic sequencing of viral RNA indicated a variety of nucleotide sequences, or a distribution of sequences. Mutations in both Eigen’s theoretical system in the RNA viruses are not rare, as RNA is structurally less stable than RNA, but common, preventing the fittest genotype from becoming dominant. Virologists have adopted the quasispecies concept, with some papers on Covid-19 using the construct to explain that virus’s behavior.