Digital recordings of aftershocks of the 17 October 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake

Abstract

After the 17 October 1989 Loma Prieta, central California, earthquake (291 00:04:15.25 UTC, M s =7.1), the U. S. Geological Survey recorded aftershocks at sites of seismologic and engineering interest. This report describes a seismic-waveform dataset collected from 17 October 1989 (291 UTC) to 14 March 1990 (073 UTC) with GEOS digital seismographs deployed from USGS offices in Menlo Park, California. It is a summary of field and data-playback information that is intended to facilitate use of the waveform data in seismologic and engineering studies. It includes station locations, instrumentation histories (trigger parameters, sensor parameters, clock corrections, etc.), listings of waveform records, preliminary seismicity listings, and information about data availability. Our principal research goal is to understand the influence of seismic-source and wave-propagation phenomena on damaging ground motions, and to use this knowledge to predict hazards from future earthquakes. Source processes encompass the spatial and temporal variations in the excitation of seismic waves at the fault. Wave-propagation processes include amplification and deamplification as seismic energy radiates away from the fault through rocks and soils of variable seismic properties. Since shallow geology at a site (upper tens to hundreds of meters) can exert a relatively great influence on damaging ground motions, it is useful to separate wave-propagation phenomena into whole-path and site parts. In studying these phenomena, aftershock waveform recordings can play an important role. Compared to main shocks, aftershocks are simple earthquakes and aftershock records tend to be relatively dominated by wave-propagation effects. Geometrically, since aftershocks are distributed over the fault zone, aftershock records should resemble part of the main-shock ground motion contributed by localized rupture. This observation forms the basis of the empirical-Green's-function method wherein main-shock ground motion is modeled by summing aftershock records. The Loma Prieta earthquake provided a rare opportunity that motivated the intensive aftershock-recording effort described in this report. In a seismically noisy urban environment like the San Francisco Bay area, such a large set of high quality seismic data would otherwise be unobtainable.