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USGS · 70044786

Rare earths, the lanthanides, yttrium and scandium

G. Bedinger·D. Bleiwas
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Abstract

In 2011, rare earths were recovered from bastnasite concentrates at the Mountain Pass Mine in California. Consumption of refined rare-earth products decreased in 2011 from 2010. U.S. rare-earth imports originated primarily from China, with lesser amounts from Austria, Estonia, France and Japan. The United States imported all of its demand for yttrium metal and yttrium compounds, with most of it originating from China. Scandium was imported in various forms and processed domestically.

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G. Bedinger, D. Bleiwas. 2012. Rare earths, the lanthanides, yttrium and scandium. https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70044786

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