Land use and land cover and associated maps for Santa Maria, California
No abstract available.
California↗
Geology topics
Research about Santa Barbara County, California
Source-linked reports with geographic coverage including Santa Barbara County, California.
Ground-water resources in the Lompoc area, Santa Barbara County, California
Water supplies in the Lompoc plain are pumped from highly permeable gravel and sand, which make up the main water-bearing zone. The history of ground-water quality in the Lompoc area shows little change in the Lompoc upland and the Lompoc terrace, but an increase in the concentration of dissolved solids in the main water-bearing zone beneath the Lompoc plain. Most water pumped from this zone is used for irrigation and contains dissolved solids in concentrations ranging from less than 500 to more than 3,000 milligrams per litre. The average concentration is about 1,500 milligrams per litre. The total hardness is more than 1,000 milligrams per litre, and most of this water contains more than 750 milligrams per litre sulfate; the most abundant ions are calcium, sodium, sulfate, and bicarbonate. Changes in ground-water quality seem largely related to irrigation return, to inflow of native water of poor quality, to discharge of sewage effluent, and, in the shallow water-bearing zone, perhaps to the oxidation of sulfide minerals. Average annual recharge to ground water in the plain from the Santa Ynez River, local tributaries, underflow, and infiltration of rain is about 14,000 acre-ft (acre-feet) or 17 hm 3 (cubic hectometres). Discharge of ground water from the Lompoc plain is by pumping, evapotranspiration, streamflow, and underflow to the ocean. Pumpage during 1972 was about 23,000 acre-ft (28.4 hm 3 ), less than half of which probably returned to the main water-bearing zone. Ground water in storage is about 220,000 acre-ft (270 hm 3 ) in the Lompoc plain area, more than 100,000 acre-ft (120 hm 3 ) in the Lompoc terrace area, and more than 400,000 acre-ft (490 hm 3 ) in the Lompoc upland area. During the period 1941-72, the aggregate depletion of storage in the three areas was about 60,000 acre-ft (74 hm 3 ). Management alternatives to improve water quality in the rain water-bearing zone of the Lompoc area include increasing the quantity of water available for recharge by importing water and salvaging more runoff and treated sewage effluent, by coordinating future releases from Lake Cachuma, by providing additional storage space in the aquifer by selective pumping, by changing patterns of water use, by selective pumping and transport of highly mineralized ground water from the area, and by pumping ground water of favorable quality from older aquifers or adjacent basins. An adequate continuing water-quality monitoring program to evaluate changes would provide pertinent information for the prudent utilization of water resources.
California↗
Ground-water reconnaissance of the Santa Barbara-Montecito area, Santa Barbara County, California
This is the third interpretive report prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency on the groundwater resources of areas along the south coast of the county. The two previous reports--one by J. E. Upson in 1951 and another by R. E. Evenson, H. D. Wilson, Jr., and K. S. Muir--were on ground-water conditions in the Goleta and Carpinteria basins. The Santa Barbara-Montecito area is between those two basins-the Goleta basin on the west and the Carpinteria basin on the east. This area of about 30 square miles extends from the Pacific Ocean on the south to the Santa Inez Mountains on the north. The city of Santa Barbara and the towns of Montecito and Summerland are within the area. The Santa Barbara-Montecito area is a low-lying flat section of the coastal plain. Farther inland are highlands of consolidated rock and terrace deposits. The highlands are areas of uplift, folding, and faulting, and the lowlands are structural depressions. Most of the urban development in the area has been in the lowlands. The unconsolidated deposits that have partly filled the structural depressions make up the ground-water reservoir of the Santa Barbara-Montecito area. They include the Santa Barbara Formation of Pliocene and Pleistocene age, the Casitas Formation of Pleistocene age, and the alluvium of late Pleistocene and Recent age. These deposits underlie an area of about 20 square miles and have a maximum thickness of about 2,000 feet. The consolidated rocks of Tertiary age that underlie and form the boundaries of the ground-water reservoir contain ground water in fractures and in sandstone beds. However, the consolidated rocks are not an important source of ground water. In 1959, a year the ground-water basins were full and ground water in storage was at a maximum, storage in the Santa Barbara area was 184,000 acre-feet, and storage in the Montecito area was 97,000 acre-feet. By 1964, in response to below-average recharge and continued withdrawal by pumping, the quantity of ground water in storage in the Santa Barbara area had decreased to 178,000 acre-feet. Because of a reduction in pumpage, there was little change in storage in the Montecito area between 1959 and 1964. Deep percolation of rain, seepage from streams, and subsurface inflow from consolidated rocks are the main sources of recharge to the ground-water reservoir in the Santa Barbara-Montecito area. The most important discharge is by pumping.The long-term perennial yield of the ground-water reservoir of the Santa Barbara area is estimated to be 1,700-2,000 acre-feet. Present data are insufficient to accurately determine the perennial yield of the reservoir in the Montecito area, but it is estimated to be about 2,500 acre-feet. Most ground water in the Santa Barbara-Montecito area is suitable for general use. However, ground water in some of the consolidated rocks and in the shallow unconsolidated deposits adjacent to the coast is too saline for most uses. Seawater intrusion has occurred in the Santa Barbara area and the western part of the Montecito area. The intrusion, however, is limited to the upper part of the nearshore shallow alluvial deposits and contaminates only wells which were constructed without a near-surface seal.
California↗
Hydrologic inventory of the Lompoc subarea, Santa Ynez River basin, Santa Barbara County, California, 1957-62
Hydrologic data collected during the climatically near-average 6-year period of inventory 1957-62 provide the basis for making estimates of supply to and demand from the Lompoc subarea of the Santa Ynez River basin and changes in the quantity of water stored in the deposits of the basin. The hydrologic inventory presents gains or accretions to the water supply, as inflow, equated with loss by water demands, as outflow. The difference is the ground-water storage change. Items of inflow include precipitation, surface and subsurface inflow, irrigation return, and sewage effluent. Items of outflow include surface and subsurface outflow, evapotranspiration, and water pumped for irrigation and other uses. Ground-water storage changes occurred as depletions of the shallow water body beneath the eastern and central parts of the Lompoc plain and beneath the upland part of the Lompoc subarea to the north and east. The estimated annual depletion of storage averaged 3,000 acre-feet. A near balance between inflow and outflow is indicated by a calculated difference of 5,000 acre-feet of accretion and an observed depletion of ground water in storage of about 3,000 acre-feet. The difference of 8,000 acre-feet between the two values, considering the magnitude of total inflow and outflow--110,000 and 105,000 acre-feet, is not significant. For the period of inventory, more water was discharged from the basin by flow in the Santa Ynez River than by pumping from wells. The near balance between inflow and outflow for a period of near-average climatic conditions, in general, substantiates a previous estimate that perennial pumpage is as much as about 20,000 acre-feet. However, water in storage will be depleted if the progressive change in the ratio of irrigation pumpage to other pumpage continues. Even though the hydrologic balance is maintained, changes in chemical quality of the ground water, due to recycling of irrigation water and inflow of poor-quality connate water from the consolidated rocks, indicate that chemical equilibrium has not been reached. Perennial supply under the 1957-62 conditions of inventory is estimated to be between 24,000 and 26,000 acre-feet.
California↗
Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, 1963
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency, continued the study of the ground-water resources of Santa Barbara County (fig. 1) in 1963. As part of the study, the Geological Survey made monthly water-level measurements in 247 wells; 17 of which were equipped with automatic water-level recorders. These measurements and measurements made by the Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District are included in this report— In addition, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation measured the water levels in wells along the Santa Ynez River between Cachuma Dam and Rucker Crossing, but the measurements have not been included herein. In addition to the observation-well program, the Geological Survey is preparing interpretive reports on the ground-water conditions in the Ellwood-Gaviota area, the Lompoc and Santa Ynez upland areas of the Santa Ynez River basin, the Santa Barbara-Summerland area, and the Santa Maria Valley. The basic data from which these reports are being prepared can be consulted at the Santa Barbara office of the Geological Survey. This report was prepared by the Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, under the general supervision of Fred Kunkel, district geologist in charge of ground-water investigations In California, and under the immediate supervision of C. P. Zones, geologist in charge of the Santa Barbara subdistrict office. Measurements for the period 1941-55 were published in U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers; measurements for the period 1956-62 were released locally in duplicated form.' A report by G. A. LaRocque, Jr., and others (1950) contains descriptions of 2,246 wells in the ground-water basins of the county in 1942. It also contains many water-level measurements made before 1942 by the city of Santa Barbara, the Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District, the San Joaquin Power Division of the Pacific Gas and Electric Co., the Union Sugar Co., the Union Oil Co., and other organizations and individuals. Comprehensive reports on the geology and ground-water resources of the Santa Ynez River basin (Upson, Thomasson, and others, 1951; Wilson, 1959), the south-coast basins (Upson and others, 1951), the Santa Maria Valley area (Worts, 1951), the Cuyama Valley (Upson and Worts, 1951) and the San Antonio Creek valley (Muir; 1964) were published as Geological Survey water-supply papers. A report on stream runoff and ground-water storage capacity of the Santa Ynez River valley (Troxell and Wilson, 1952) was released to the open file in October 1952. A complete bibliography of reports of investigations made by the Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, in Santa Barbara County since 1940 is included in this report.
California↗
Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1962
Investigation of the ground-water resources of Santa Barbara County was continued during 1962 by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency. Monthly water-level measurements were made in 201 wells, in 9 of which automatic water-level recorders were operated. Earlier measurements, covering the period 1941 through 1955, have been published in U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers (19)43-1957); those for 1:56 through 1961 have been released locally in duplicated form (Muir and Merritt, 1957; Evenson 1950; Miller, 1959; Muir, Merritt, and Miller, 1960; Merritt, 1961; and Muir, 1962). LaRocque, Jr., and others (1950) contains tabulated descriptions of 2,246 wells in existence in 1942 in the several ground-water basins of the county. The same publication also contains many water-level measurements made prior to 1942 by the city of Santa Barbara, Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District, San Joaquin Power Division of the Pacific Gas and Electric Co., Union Sugar Co., Union Oil Co., and other organizations and individuals. Comprehensive reports on the geology and and ground-water resources of the Santa. Ynez River basin (Upson and Thomasson, 1951, and Wilson, 1959), the south-coast basin (Upson, 1951), the Santa Maria Valley area (Worts, 1951), and the Cuyvma Valley (Upson and Worts, 1951) have been published as Water-Supply Papers 1107, 1467, 1108, 1000, and 1110-B, respectively. A similar report on the San Antonio Creek Valley is in preparation. A report on stream runoff and ground-water storage capacity of the Santa Ynez River Valley (Troxell and Wilson, 1952) was released to the open file in October 1952. In addition to the water-level measurements made by the Geological Survey in 1962, measurements made by the Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District are included in this report. Not included in this report are miscellaneous measurements made by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation in wells along the middle reach of the Santa Ynez River between Cachuma Dam and Rucker Crossing.
California↗
Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1961
Investigation of the ground-water resources of Santa Barbara County was continued during 1961 by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency. Monthly water-level measurements were made in 190 wells, in 9 of which automatic water-level recorders were operated. Earlier measurements, covering the period 1941 through 1955, have been published in U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers (1943-1957); those for 1956 through 1960 have been released locally in duplicated form (Muir and Merritt, 1957; Evenson, 1958; Miller, 1959; Muir, Merritt, and Miller, 1960; and Merritt, 1961). LaRocque, Jr., and others (1950) contains tabulated descriptions of 2,246 wells in existence in 1942 in the several ground-water basins of the county. The same publication also contains many water-level measurements made prior to 1942 by the city of Santa Barbara, Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District, San Joaquin Power Division of the Pacific Gas and Electric Co., Union Sugar Co., Union Oil Co., and other organizations and individuals. Comprehensive reports on the geology and ground-water resources of the Santa Ynez River basin (Upson and Thomasson, 1951, and Wilson, 1959), the south-coast basins (Upson, 1951), the Santa Maria Valley area (Worts, 1951), and the Cuyama Valley (Upson and Worts, 1951) have been published as Water-Supply Papers 1107, 1467, 1108, 1000, and 1110-B, respectively. A similar report on the San Antonio Creek Valley is in preparation. A report on stream runoff and ground-water storage capacity of the Santa Ynez River valley (Troxell and Wilson, 1952) was released to the open file on October 1952. In addition to the water-level measurements made by the Geological Survey in 1961, measurements made by the Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District are included in this report. Not included in this report are miscellaneous measurements made by the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation in wells along the middle reach of the Santa Ynez River between Cachuma Dam and Rucker Crossing.
California↗
Flow of springs and small streams in the Tecolote Tunnel area of Santa Barbara County, California
No abstract available.
California↗
Flow of springs and small streams in the Tecolote Tunnel area of Santa Barbara County, California
This report presents the results of an investigation to determine the effect of the construction of Tecolote Tunnel in southern Santa Barbara County, California, on the flow of springs and spring-fed streams in the tunnel area. A program of monthly measurement of discharge for this purpose began in late 1948 at 125 springs and streams; tunnel construction started in March 1950 and was completed in January 1956. By late 1951 appreciable seepage was entering the tunnel. Incidental to the primary objective of this study, but a necessary part of the investigation, were a study of the discharge pattern of the springs and streams of the region, and an evaluation of the effect on flow of both the Arvin-Tehachapi earthquake of July 21, 1952 and the Refugio brush fire of early September 1955. The most striking characteristic of the regimen of flow in the area is the rapid response of discharge to precipitation. An interesting effect was observed in July 1952 when the Arvin-Tehachapi earthquake abruptly increased the flow at 18 measuring sites. At 15 of these sites this effect was felt for only several months, but at three of the sites the effect remained for several years. As for the Refugio fire, there is some reason to believe that the summer flow of many springs and streams may have increased in the years that followed as a result of decreased evapotranspiration losses, but the evidence is inconclusive. The many complex and interrelated factors that influence the discharge of springs and spring-fed streams make it exceedingly difficult to isolate the effect of Tecolote Tunnel on the flow Another major difficulty in evaluating the effect of the tunnel stems from the fact that the calibration period for this study was only three years long, lasting from late 1948 to late 1951, and was uniformly deficient in precipitation, Furthermore, these inadequacies of the calibration period in regard to short length of record and limited range in precipitation, cannot be overcome by the collection of additional discharge information in the years to come. From the data available, however, the following conclusions were reached concerning the effect of Tecolote Tunnel: The failure of one spring (site 110 b) can be attributed to construction of the tunnel. There is no evidence that construction of the tunnel affected the flow of any other spring or stream.
California↗
Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1959
Investigation of the ground-water resources of Santa Barbara County was continued during 1959 by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency. Monthly water-level measurements were made in 203 wells, in 8 of which automatic water-level recorders were operated. Earlier measurements, covering the period 1941 through 1955, have been published in Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers; those for 1956, 1957, and 1958 have been released locally in duplicated form. Water-Supply Paper 1068 contains tabulated descriptions of 2,246 wells in existence in 1942 in the various ground-water basins of the county. The same publication also contains many water-level measurements made prior to 1942 by the city of Santa Barbara, Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District, San Joaquin Power Division of the Pacific Gas and Electric Co., Union Sugar Co., Union Oil Co., and other organizations and individuals. Comprehensive reports on the geology and ground-water resources of the Santa Ynez River basin (Upson and Thomasson, 1951, and Wilson, 1959), the south-coast basins (Upson, 1951), the Santa Maria Valley area (Worts, 1951), and the Cuyama Valley (Upson and Worts, 1951) have been published as Water-Supply Papers 1107, 1467, 1108, 1000, and 1110-B, respectively. A report on stream runoff and ground-water storage capacity of the Santa Ynez River valley (Troxell and Wilson, 1952) was released to the open file in October 1952. In addition to the water-level measurements made by the Geological Survey in 1959, measurements made by the Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District are included in this report. Not included in this report are miscellaneous measurements made by the Geological Survey in wells along the middle reach of the Santa Ynez River between Cachuma Dam and Rucker Crossing.
California↗
Eighth progress report on the cooperative investigation of springs and streamflow in the Tecolote Tunnel area of Santa Barbara County, California
This report is the eighth in a continuing series of progress reports giving the results of discharge measurements made at selected springs and streams in the Tecolote Tunnel area of the Santa Ynez Mountains. The measurement program was begun on its present scale in the latter part of 1948 by the U. S. Geological Survey at the request of the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation and has been continued under a cooperative agreement with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency since July 1, 1949, under which each agency pays half the cost of the investigation. The purpose of the program is to obtain factual data to assist in determining what effect, if any, the inflow of ground water into Tecolote Tunnel will have on surface-water resources in the vicinity of the tunnel. The area involved in the program, shown on plate 1, was made large enough to include a number of springs and streams believed to be outside the zone of influence of the tunnel. Tecolote Tunnel, completed in March 1956, was built by the Bureau of Reclamation for the purpose of conveying water from Cachuma Reservoir to the city of Santa Barbara and adjacent coastal communities. The alinement of the tunnel is essentially north and south through the center of a region that extends from the Painted Cave area on the east to Refugio Pass on the west and from the Santa Ynez River on the north to the Pacific Ocean on the south. Storage, in Cachuma Reservoir began November 16, 1952. Roads within the area covered by Cachuma Reservoir have been relocated since plate 1 was prepared. The purpose of this progress report is to make available the factual data obtained from July 1956 to June 1958.
California↗
Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1958
Investigation of the ground-water resources of Santa Barbara County was continued during 1958 by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency. Monthly water-level measurements were made in 201 wells, in 11 of which automatic water-level recorders were operated. Earlier measurements, covering the period 1941 through 1955, have been published in Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers; those for 1956 and 1957 have been released locally in duplicated form. Water-Supply Paper 1068 contains tabulated descriptions of 2,246 wells in existence in 1942 in the various ground-water basins of the county. The same publication also contains many water-level measurements made prior to 1942 by the city of Santa Barbara, Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District, San Joaquin Power Division of the Pacific Gas and Electric Co., Union Sugar Co., Union Oil Co., and other organizations and individuals. Comprehensive reports on the geology and ground-water resources of the Santa Ynez River basin (Upson and Thomasson, 1951), the south-coast basins (Upson, 1951), the Santa Maria Valley area (Worts, 1951), and the Cuyama Valley (Upson and Worts, 1951) have been published as Water-Supply Papers 1107, 1108, 1000, and 1110-B, respectively. A report on stream runoff and ground-water storage capacity of the Santa Ynez River valley (Troxell and Wilson, 1952) was released to the open file in October 1952. A report appraising the ground-water resources of the Santa Ynez River valley (Wilson, 1957) has been mimeographed and released locally. In addition to the water-level measurements made by the Geological Survey in 1958, measurements made by the Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District are included in this report. Not included in this report are miscellaneous measurements made by the Geological Survey in wells along the middle reach of the Santa Ynez River between Cachuma Dam and Rucker Crossing.
California↗
Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1956
Investigation of the ground-water resources of Santa Barbara County was continued during 1956 by the Geological Survey in cooperation with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency. Monthly water-level recorders were operated. Earlier measurements, covering the period 1941 through 1953, have been published in Geological Survey water-Supply Papers; those for 1954 and 1955 are in press and have been released locally in duplicated form. Water-Supply Paper 1068 contains tabulated descriptions of 2,246 wells in existence in 1942 in the various ground-water basins of the county. The same publication contains also many water-level measurements made prior to 1942 by the city of Santa Barbara, Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District, San Joaquin Power Division of the Pacific Gas and Electric Co., Union Sugar Co., Union Oil Co., and other organizations and individuals. Comprehensive reports on the geology and ground-water resources of the Santa Ynez River basin (Upson and Thomasson, 1951), the south-coast basins (Upson, 1951), the Santa Maria Valley area (Worts, 1951), and the Cuyama Valley (Upson and Worts, 1951) have been published as Water-Supply Papers 1107, 1108, 1000, and 1110-B respectively. A report on stream runoff and ground-water storage capacity of the Santa Ynez River valley (Troxell and Wilson, 1952) was released to the open file in October 1952. A report appraising the ground-water resources of the Santa Ynez River valley (Wilson, 1957) was released to the open file in October 1956.
California↗
Seventh progress report on the cooperative investigation of springs and streamflow in the Tecolote tunnel area of Santa Barbara County, California
This report is the seventh in a a continuing series of progress reports giving the results of discharge measurements made at selected springs and streams in the Tecolote Tunnel are area of the Santa Ynez Mountains. The mountains. The measurement program was begun on its present scale in the latter part of 1948 by the Geological Survey at the request of the Santa Barbara County Water Agency and is being continued under a cooperative agreement whereby each agency pays half the cost of the investigation. The purpose of the program is to obtain sufficient factual data to determine what effect, if any, the inflow of ground water into Tecolote Tunnel will have on the flow of springs and streams in the vicinity of the tunnel. The area involved in the study, shown by plate 1, was made large enough to include a number of springs and steams believe to be outside the zone of influence of the tunnel. Tecolote Tunnel, completed late in 1955, was built by the Bureau of Reclamation for the purpose of conveying water stored in Cachuma Reservoir to the city of Santa Barbara and adjacent coastal communities. The alinement of the tunnel is roughly north and south through the center of the arbitrarily chosen study area which extends from the Painted Cave area on the east to Refugio Pass on the west and from the Santa Ynez River on the North to the Pacific Ocean on the south. The purpose of this report is to make available the factual data obtained from July 1954 to June 1956, together with a brief presentation of precipitation, springflow, and tunnel outflow for the entire period of investigation.
California↗
Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California; in 1954
The investigation of the ground-water resources of Santa Barbara County was continued (luring 1954 in cooperation with the Santa Barbara County Wallet Agency. Monthly water-level measurements were made in 182 wells in 6 of which automatic water-level recorders were operated. Earlier measurements covering the period 1941 through 1952 have been published in U. S. Geological Survey water-supply papers; those for 1953 are in press and have already been released locally in duplicated form. Water-Supply Paper 1068 contains tabulated descriptions for 2,246 wells in existence in 1942 in the various ground-water basins of the county. The same publication contains also many water-level measurements made prior to 1942 by the city of Santa Barbara, Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District, San Joaquin Power Division of the Pacific GAB and Electric Co., Union Sugar Co., Union Oil Co., and other organizations and individuals. Comprehensive reports on the geology and ground-water resources of the Santa Time River basin (Upson and Thomasson, 1951), the south-coast basins (Upson, 1951), the Santa Maria Valley area (Worts, 1951), and the Cuyama Valley (Upson and Worts, 1951) have been published as Water-Supply Papers 1107, 1108 100U. and 1110-B respectively. In October 1952 "Reports on stream runoff and ground-water storage capacity, Santa Ynez River, Santa Barbara Count, Calif.," prepared respectively by Messrs. H. C. Troxell of the Surface Water Branch and H. D. Wilson, Jr., of the Ground hater Branch, U. S. Geological Survey, were released (Troxell and Wilson, 1952). In 1954 water-level measurements were made by the city of Santa Maria and the Santa Maria Valley Water Conservation District, in addition to those made by the Geological Survey, and are included in this report.
California↗
Sixth progress report on the cooperative investigation of springs and streamflow in the Tecolote Tunnel area of Santa Barbara County, California
This report is the sixth in a continuing series of progress reports giving the results of discharge measurements obtained at more than 120 selected sites in the "Tecolote Tunnel Area" of the Santa Ynez Mountains. The area derives its name from the tunnel now being completed by the Bureau of Reclamation for the purpose of diverting the flood waters of the Santa Ynez River stored in Cachuma Reservoir into urban and agricultural areas in and near the city of Santa barbara. The observational area for purposes of this investigation extends from Refugio Pass on the west to San Marcos Pass and the Painted Cave area on the east. The tunnel alignment is rouhly north and south through the center of this area.
California↗
Fifth progress report on the cooperative investigation of springs and streamflow in the Tecolote Tunnel area of Santa Barbara County, California
This report is the fifth in a continuing series of annual progress reports giving the results of discharge measurements made at more than 120 selected sites in the "Tecolote Tunnel Area" of the Santa Ynez Mountains. This area derives its name from the tunnel now being built by the Bureau of Reclamation for the purpose of diverting the flood waters of the Santa Ynez River as stored in Cachuma Reservoir to the city of Santa Barbara and adjacent coastal communities. The tunnel alignment is roughly north and south through the center of this area, which extends from Refugio Pass on the west to San Marcos Pass and the Painted Cave area on the east. The program of measuring the developed springs and headwater streams in the Tecolote Tunnel area was started on its present scale in the latter part of 1948 at the request of the Santa Barbara County Water Agency. The primary purpose of the program is to obtain sufficient factual data to determine what effect, if any, the construction and use of the Tecolote Tunnel will have on the outflow of the springs in the area. The area covered by this study was made large enough to include all springs that could possibly be affected by the tunnel, as well as springs believed to be outside the zone of influence. The program is being carried on by the Geological Survey under a cooperative agreement with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency whereby each pays one half the cost. Prior to January 1953 the flow at each of the more than 120 locations was generally measured monthly. Since then, the number of sites at which monthly measurements are made has been reduced to about 40, with measurements made every other month or quarterly at the remaining locations. The purpose of this report is to make available the factual data obtained from May 1, 1952 to June 30, 1953.
California↗
Fourth progress report on the cooperative investigation of springs and streamflow in the Tecolote Tunnel area of Santa Barbara County, California
This is a continuation of annual progress reports giving the results of discharge measurements made in the Santa Ynez Mountains between Refugio Canyon on the west to San Marcos Pass and the Painted Cave area on the east. This portion of Santa Barbara County has been designated as the "Tecolote Tunnel Area" because a tunnel by that name, now being built by the Bureau of Reclamation, passes through it. The purpose of this tunnel is to divert flood runoff from the Santa Ynez River, stored in Cachuma Reservoir, to the city of Santa Barbara and adjacent areas. During the construction of this tunnel, the seepage from the south portal has averaged 6.4 second-feet for the year ending April 30, 1952, the average being 8.7 second-feet for the last 6 months of that period. Both of these values exceed the average total discharge prior to April 30, 1951, for more than 120 springs measured in the Tecolote Tunnel Area. As, it was not known what effect the seepage from this tunnel might have on the flow of springs and streams in the immediate vicinity, the Santa Barbara County Water Agency requested the U. S. Geological Survey to institute an observational program. This program was started in 1948—about 2 years before work was started on the tunnel. The area covered by the observational program was made sufficiently large to include all the springs that could possibly be affected, as well as certain border springs believed to be outside the zone of influence. The purpose of this, the fourth progress report, is to make available factual data obtained during the year ending April 30, 1952. This program is operated under a cooperative agreement between the U. S. Geological Survey and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency whereby each pays half the cost of the investigation.
California↗