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Research about Arkansas

Source-linked reports with geographic coverage including Arkansas.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
USGS1988

A field test for differences in condition among trapped and shot mallards

We tested predictions from the condition bias hypothesis (Weatherland and Greenwood 1981) regarding the effects of sampling methods of body weights of mallards ( Anas platyrhynchos ) at White River National Wildlife Refuge (WRNWR), Arkansas, during 24 November-8 December 1985. Body weights of 84 mallards caught with unbaited rocket nets in a natural wetland were used as experimental controls and compared to the body weights of 70 mallards captured with baited rocket nets, 86 mallards captured with baited swim-in traps, and 130 mallards killed by hunters. We found no differences (P > 0.27) in body weight among sampling methods, but body condition (wt/wing length) of the birds killed by hunters was less (P < 0.02) than that of the controls. Power of the test statistics to reject the null hypothesis of equal body weights among sampling methods was > 0.75 for differences > 50 g. The condition bias hypothesis probably applies to ducks killed by hunters but not to trapping operations when substantial (> 20 at 1 time) numbers of birds are captured.

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USGS1988

Water resources data for Arkansas, water year 1987

Water resources data for the 1987 water year for Arkansas consist of records of gage height, discharge, and water quality of streams; water quality of lakes; water levels, and water quality of observation wells. This report contains discharge records for 47 gaging stations; water-quality data for 160 regular water-quality stations, 63 partial-record water-quality stations, 5 observation wells, and 1 precipitation station; water-level measurements for 97 observation wells. Also included are data for 58 crest-stage partial-record surface-water stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Information System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with State and Federal agencies in Arkansas.

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USGS1987

Water resources data for Arkansas, water year 1986

Water resources data for the 1986 water year for Arkansas consist of records of gage height, discharge, and water quality of streams; water quality of lakes; and water levels and water quality of wells. This report contains discharge records for 48 gaging stations; water quality for 154 stations, 73 partial-record stations, 5 observation wells, and 1 precipitation station, and water levels for 96 observation wells. Also included are data for 85 crest-stage partial record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Arkansas. Records of discharge or gage height of streams, and contents or elevation of lakes were first published in a series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled "Surface Water Supply of the United States." Through September 30, 1960, these water-supply papers were in an annual series and for 1961-65 and 1966-70 were in a 5 -year series. Records of chemical quality, water temperatures, and suspended sediment were published from 1941 to 1970 in an annual series of water-supply papers entitled "Quality of Surface Waters of the United States." Records of ground-water levels were published from 1935 to 1974 in a series of water-supply papers entitled "Ground Water Levels in the United States." Water-supply papers may be consulted in the libraries of the principal cities in the United States or may be purchased from Branch of Distribution, U.S. Geological Survey, 1200 South Eads Street, Arlington, VA 22202. For water years 1961 through 1974, streamflow data were released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. Water-quality records for water years 1964 through 1974 were similarly released, either in separate reports or in conjuction with streamflow records. Beginning with the 1975 water year, water data for streamflow, water quality, and ground water are published as an official Survey report on a State-boundary basis. These official Survey reports carry an identification number consisting of the two-letter State abbreviation, the last two digits of the water year, and the volume number. For example, this report is identified as "U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report AR-86-1."

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USGS1987

Water-level maps of the alluvial aquifer in eastern Arkansas, 1985

Maps shown in this report show the potentiometric surface of the alluvial aquifer before and after the pumping season of 1985, the depth-to-water in the spring of 1985, and the change in water levels between the spring of 1980 and the spring of 1985. Hydrographs showing long-term water-level changes in the alluvial aquifer are also included. (Rubinstein-PTT)

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USGS1987

Streamflow gain and loss of selected streams in northern Arkansas

This map shows streamflow gain and loss measurements (seepage runs) on the Crooked, Osage, and Spavinaw Creeks, and Illinois, Kings, Mulberry, Spring, and Strawberry Rivers during the low-flow conditions from September 1982 to October 1984. Data indicated that streamflow gains and losses resulted from differences in lithology of the predominately carbonate rocks and from the presence of faults. The Kings and Strawberry Rivers and Osage Creek were gaining streams throughout their length, however wastewater discharges precluded an accurate determination on Osage Creek. Crooked and Spavinaw Creeks and the Illinois, Spring, and Mulberry Rivers generally were gaining streams throughout most of their lengths although short losing reaches were identified. The largest gains in streamflow generally occurred were Mississippian formation predominated near the streams. Faults that intersected the stream channels primarily were responsible for streamflow losses. The specific conductance of water increased in the stream reaches that had the most significant streamflow gains. The specific conductance of water in tributaries was generally higher than that in larger streams. (Author 's abstract)

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USGS1987

Generalized potentiometric surface of the aquifers in the Cockfield Formation, southeastern Arkansas, spring 1980

This map shows the generalized contours of the altitude of water levels in wells completed in the Cockfield Formation in southeastern Arkansas for 1980. Most water levels used in constructing the map were made in the spring of 1980. However, in parts of the State water levels from the spring of 1980 were unavailable. Where data indicated no long-term changes in nearby water levels, measurements from as early as 1952 and as late as 1983 were used. At a few locations the altitude of the water surface in a stream was used to define the potentiometric surface. Available water level data limited the interpretation of potentiometric surface primarily to the area of occurrence of the aquifers south of the Arkansas River. Water level data from Arkansas and adjacent states used in the construction of this map are from the groundwater file of the U.S. Geological Survey 's National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System. This map was prepared as part of the Gulf Coast Regional Aquifer-System Analysis study.

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USGS1987

Generalized potentiometric surface of the Sparta-Memphis aquifer, eastern Arkansas, spring 1980

A map shows generalized contours of the altitude of water levels for wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in eastern Arkansas. Most water-level measurements used in constructing the map were from the spring of 1980, but supplemental measurements from other years indicated no long-term change in water levels. Hydrographs for selected wells are included to show trends and lack of trends in water-level changes. The aquifer in the Sparta Sand and Memphis Sand of Eocene age which consists of fine to medium sand interbedded with salt, clay, and lignite. The aquifer supplies much of the water used for industry and public supply for eastern Arkansas. Some irrigation users also obtain supplies from the aquifer. Cones of depression caused by pumpage for industrial and public supplies occur near Camden, El Dorado, Magnolia, Pine Buff, and West Memphis.

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USGS1986

Log of an exploratory trench in the New Madrid seismic zone near Blytheville, Arkansas

During the winter of 1811-12, at least three major earthquakes having estimated magnitudes of M S 8.3-8.8 (Nuttli and Herrmann, 1984) struck the area near New Madrid, Mo. Since the 1811-12 series of earthquakes, 20 damaging earthquakes have occurred in the area (Nuttli, 1982), making the New Madrid seismic zone (fig. 1) the most seismically active area in the Eastern United States (Hadley and Devine, 1974). The zone, extending from about lat 35 &deg; to 37 &deg; N., approximately parallels the Mississippi River and encompasses an area roughly 50 km wide (Nuttli, 1979).

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USGS1986

Kassite from the Diamond Jo quarry, Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas: The problem of cafetite and kassite

Small (<0.5 mm), brownish-pink platy rosettes and yellow spherules, in cavities in nepheline syenite at the Diamond Jo quarry, Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, have been identified as kassite, CaTi 2 O 4 (OH) 2 , a mineral previously known only from the Kola Peninsula, USSR. The Magnet Cove kassite is orthorhombic, in space group Ammm, A2mm, A222 , or A2,22 , with unit-cell parameters a = 12.10, b = 31.65, c = 4.95 Å, and Z = 16; d calc = 3.28 g/cm 3 . Principal X-ray powder lines [ d in Å, ( I )] are 7.85(10), 3.26(7), 2.565(7), 1.910(8), 1.898(6). The X-ray powder and single-crystal data and density correspond to those reported by earlier workers for cafetite, (Ca,Mg)(Fe,Al) 2 Ti 4 O 12 ·4H 2 O, from Kola, but the chemical and physical properties correspond to those given in their description of kassite. These earlier workers may have intermixed samples during their X-ray study of kassite and cafetite.

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USGS1985

Occurrence of saltwater in the alluvial aquifer in the Boeuf-Tensas Basin, Arkansas

The occurrence of saline water in the alluvial aquifer in the Boeuf-Tensas basin in southeastern Arkansas has been of increasing concern. A band of saline water containing chloride concentrations of greater than 50 milligrams per liter extends through the entire length of the basin. The most severely affected area is located in the southern part of the basin where chloride concentrations are as high as 1,360 milligrams per liter. The origin of the saline water in the alluvial aquifer is not definitely known, but can probably be attributed at least in part, to both upward movement from the Arkansas River. Upward instrusion of saline ground water has probably occurred through one or more of the following: 1) leakage where the Jackson confining unit is thinned or absent, 2) leakage along a fault, and 3) movement through abandoned oil and gas test holes. (USGS)

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USGS1984

Maps showing altitude of the potentiometric surface and changes in water level of the Sparta sand and Memphis sand aquifers in Eastern Arkansas, spring 1983

The Sparta Sand and the Memphis Sand aquifers are a major source of industrial and public water supply and a minor but locally significant source of water for agricultural purposes in eastern and south-central Arkansas. The potentiometric surface map for this aquifer, compiled from water-level measurements made during the spring of 1983, indicates a generally southward potentiometric gradient. The potentiometric surface also illustrates the existence of three major cones of depression; one centered in Columbia County, one in Union County, and one in Jefferson County. Within the cones of depression, the majority of water withdrawn is utilized for industrial and public supply. The water-level change map for the Sparta Sand and the Memphis aquifer for the period between the springs of 1982 and 1983 shows overall a rise in water levels across the study area, including the cones of depression in Jefferson and Union Counties; however, water levels within the cone depression in Columbia County generally declined.

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USGS1984

Average annual precipitation and runoff for Arkansas, 1951-80

Ten intercomparison studies to determine the accuracy of pH and specific-conductance measurements, using dilute-nitric acid solutions, were managed by the U.S. Geological Survey for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program and the National Trends Network precipitation networks. These precipitation networks set quality-control goals for site-operator measurements of pH and specific conductance. The accuracy goal for pH is plus or minus 0.1 pH unit; the accuracy goal for specific conductance is plus or minus 4 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius. These intercomparison studies indicated that an average of 65 percent of the site-operator pH measurements and 79 percent of the site-operator specific-conductance measurements met the quality-control goal. A statistical approach that is resistant to outliers was used to evaluate and illustrate the results obtained from these intercomparisons.

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