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JGR Solid Earth

JGR Solid Earth: explore 17 source-linked works published from 2025 to 2026, with original documents and citations.

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Sources: usgs. Collection updated 2026-09-15. Counts describe this index, not the complete source archives.

USGS2026

Fully contained laboratory earthquakes: The effect of asperity aspect ratio and free surfaces

Corner frequency ( f c ) and seismic moment ( M 0 ) are key parameters derived from seismic signals that are used to characterize earthquake stress drop, rupture area, and slip. These parameters are also affected by fault geometry and boundary conditions. However, the systematic study of these effects in laboratory settings has been challenging. This study presents laboratory earthquake experiments that examine how rupture dynamics are influenced by (a) the aspect ratio of rectangular PMMA velocity-weakening (VW) asperities surrounded by the Teflon velocity-strengthening (VS) patches, and (b) whether the sides of a VW asperity are confined with VS patches or are free surfaces. We found that increasing confinement by reducing free surfaces or increasing the VW asperity aspect ratio stabilizes fault slip, so that higher normal stress is required to transition from aseismic to seismic slip. Increased confinement and high aspect ratios also reduced M 0 and increased f c , both of which were determined from the radiated seismic waves. M 0 and f c were primarily controlled by the shorter dimension of the VW asperity. Analysis of high-frequency acoustic emission signals revealed that ruptures on high-aspect-ratio VW asperities propagated more unidirectionally, whereas ruptures on square VW asperities were more complex. Further, the high-aspect-ratio asperities were more likely to be eroded by surrounding VS regions while low-aspect-ratio asperities were more likely to rupture into the VS surroundings. These results demonstrate that both the confinement from surrounding stable areas and the geometry of the seismogenic patch can affect rupture nucleation, propagation, and seismic source characteristics.

JGR Solid Earth↗
USGS2026

Tectonic controls on volcanism and associated hydrothermal activity in a sediment-dominated mid-ocean ridge; Escanaba Trough

Mid-ocean ridges, the Earth's most extensive volcanic system, exhibit unique characteristics in sediment-dominant environments. Thick sediment cover insulates the crust and channels fluid along pathways that can lead to the formation of distinct crustal alteration patterns, exceptionally large mineral deposits, and specialized chemosynthetic ecosystems. This study presents an interdisciplinary investigation into the tectonics of the Escanaba Trough, a heavily sedimented axial valley at the southern Gorda Ridge in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. A primary challenge in such environments is overcoming the masking effect of thick sediments on basement structures that control magmatic and hydrothermal activity. We address this by employing three-dimensional (3D) magnetic modeling of high-resolution near-seafloor magnetic data collected by an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). The 2022 surveys with AUV Sentry provided data for 3D magnetic susceptibility models, refining our understanding of the geometry of sub-sediment laccoliths/saucer-shaped sills and hydrothermal alteration. In conjunction with a new 1:100,000 scale lithostratigraphic map, we outline the tectonic controls on the emplacement of Escanaba Trough's three main volcanic centers, characterize the geometry of its spreading segments, and provide volumetric data on the distribution of sub-sediment volcanism in the southern Gorda Ridge.

Escanaba Trough, Pacific Ocean↗
USGS2026

Structural evolution and slip rate variations through time of the Puente-Hills blind-thrust fault beneath Los Angeles: Implications for seismic hazard and folding kinematics

Using seismic reflection profiles, historical well logging data, and luminescence and radiocarbon ages, we determine a Pleistocene-Holocene slip history for the central, Santa Fe Springs segment of the Puente Hills blind-thrust fault (PHT), a major seismogenic fault situated beneath the urbanized Los Angeles metropolitan region. We analyze the geometry of correlative stratigraphic units in the forelimb and backlimb of the overlying growth-fold, the Santa Fe Springs anticline, and determine the uplift of seven age-correlative markers. Uplift measurements are converted to thrust displacements on the underlying PHT using a structural method laid out by Don et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220048 ) that accounts for the geometry of the fault. These data indicate that deep thrust displacement on the PHT is partially consumed updip in the creation of a hanging-wall fault-bend fold, with forelimb growth strata recording <80% of the slip documented within the backlimb. Chronological data from growth strata yield age constraints for folding and faulting on the underlying PHT, providing a detailed incremental slip history derived from both the forelimb and backlimb folding for seven discrete growth horizons, spanning the past 1.4 million years. The resulting six incremental slip rates demonstrate that fault slip has varied through time from the middle Pleistocene to the Holocene. Moreover, these results reveal synchronous acceleration of both the central, Santa Fe Springs and western, Los Angeles segments of the fault system since late Pleistocene time (after 200 ka) and slip rates of greater than 2 mm/yr on the downdip, backlimb, fault-ramp below the anticline.

California↗
USGS2026

Cajon Pass and the southern San Andreas Fault System: Earthquake cycle stress accumulation and present-day loading

With over a century since the last major rupture affecting the wider Los Angeles region, tectonic stress has steadily built along the southern San Andreas and San Jacinto fault systems, raising concerns of an imminent large earthquake. Cajon Pass, located at the junction of these faults, represents a critical site for potential through-going ruptures in Southern California. We constructed new 4D earthquake cycle simulations using a 1000-year paleoseismic rupture history of the San Andreas Fault System (SAFS) to assess spatial and temporal variations in stress. A semi-analytic Fourier transform model was used to compute stress from 3D dislocations in an elastic plate overlying a Maxwell viscoelastic half-space, assuming a complete coseismic reset of resolved shear stress on ruptured elements. Results show highest stress accumulation north of Cajon Pass (∼1.8 MPa/100 years) due to greater slip rates, and lower rates south of Cajon Pass (∼1.0–1.5 MPa/100 years). By 2025, Coulomb stress is estimated at 2.8 MPa on the Mojave South (MOS) segment, 1.8 MPa on the North San Bernardino (NSB1) segment and 3.6 MPa on the San Jacinto Bernardino (SJB) segment. Segments accumulate stresses with characteristic ranges of pre-event stress interpreted as failure thresholds: 1.2–2.7 MPa for MOS, 0.4–1.6 MPa for NSB1, and 1.2–2.9 MPa for SJB. When the stress disparity between segments SJB and MOS narrows, the faults appear to rupture jointly, suggesting that stress levels may control how Cajon Pass acts as an earthquake gate. These results may inform seismic hazard assessments by linking stress evolution to fault interactions.

California↗
USGS2026

A temporal look at the influence of topographic amplification on earthquake-triggered landslides in 3D seismic simulations

Earthquakes are a primary trigger for landslides, often leading to catastrophic consequences. While numerous studies have explored the spatial distribution of earthquake-triggered landslides, understanding the interaction between seismic waves and topography remains a critical challenge. Topographic irregularities can cause seismic wave amplification, altering ground shaking, and can trigger landslides that are challenging for predictive models to anticipate. This study investigates the spatial and temporal evolution of topographically amplified landslides, focusing on coseismic landslides triggered by the Mw 7.5 mainshock of the 2018 Papua New Guinea earthquake and post-seismic landslides associated with its four aftershocks, each exceeding Mw 6.0. We employ low-frequency, three-dimensional numerical ground shaking simulations and data-driven multivariate analyses to examine how landslides evolved from the coseismic to post-seismic periods. Our findings reveal a spatial shift in landslide distribution, in which the mainshock triggered slope failures predominantly on steep hillslopes, and the aftershocks triggered landslides on gentler slopes, often near geologic boundaries. We attribute this transition partly to the earthquake legacy effect of the mainshock, where the mainshock caused weakening of these hillslopes, making them more prone to failure when aftershocks occur. Additionally, the concentration of failures along geologic contacts in the post-seismic phase suggests that site amplification, stemming from contrasts in subsurface materials, exerts a key influence on landslide occurrence. Although not explicitly captured in our current numerical simulations, this mechanism warrants further investigation for more accurate hazard modeling.

JGR Solid Earth↗
USGS2026

Compact seismicity bursts have different characteristics from regional seismicity

Earthquakes tend to cluster, developing into sequences driven by stress perturbations and transient fault-zone processes. Depending on the driving process, earthquake sequences show differing behaviors. This variability challenges our ability to observe or distinguish these driving processes in high resolution. Here we systematically identify seismicity bursts throughout southern California using new statistical methods and examine their causes with other independent geophysical observations. Seismicity bursts are defined as statistically significant seismicity rate anomalies. Our approach has the advantage of being data driven, depending on few earthquake occurrence assumptions. We find abundant seismicity bursts across southern California, most frequently occurring along the San Jacinto Fault and in the Salton Sea and Coso geothermal fields. These seismicity bursts are highly compact in space and time, often encompassed by a 5 km radius and have durations less than 10 hr. Many of the seismicity bursts have their largest earthquake near the beginning of the sequence, but the largest earthquake is usually not an obvious mainshock. We utilize a variety of independent geophysical data sets to analyze the characteristics of the seismicity bursts, finding that the seismicity bursts have low b-values, low spectral stress drops, and varied stress ratios compared to regional seismicity. These differences suggest that seismicity bursts are driven by transient processes acting frequently across fault networks.

California↗
USGS2026

From collision to subduction: Thermal-kinematic inversions constrain plate boundary structure and dip-slip activity in southwestern New Zealand

Constraints on three-dimensional fault system geometry and kinematics are required to understand both long-term tectonics and contemporary seismic hazard. In many cases, these parameters must be inferred from a combination of different data or analyses. Here, we invert low-temperature thermochronological data to quantitatively parameterize both the crustal-scale geometry and late Cenozoic dip-slip activity of the plate boundary system in southwest New Zealand. We find that the modern transpressive plate boundary system has accommodated the bulk of Australian-Pacific Plate convergence since establishment in the middle Miocene-early Pliocene. Shortening has occurred via (a) dextral-reverse slip on the moderate angle, listric central Alpine Fault décollement, and (b) reverse-slip on either the sharply curved, anti-listric northern Puysegur subduction interface or low-angle offshore thrust fault system that splays from the high-angle southern Alpine Fault at depth. We resolve late Cenozoic shortening rates on these structures that are indistinguishable, and interpret these to reflect the transfer of convergent deformation outboard of the predominantly strike-slip southern Alpine Fault. Our work helps elucidate the transition from strain localized oblique continental collision to strain partitioned subduction. We also provide an estimate of the across-strike width of the central-southern Alpine Fault section boundary at seismogenic depths. This is the first quantitative constraint on the geometry of a structural feature inferred to have arrested several major prehistoric earthquakes. This study furthers understanding of fault structure and dip-slip kinematics along the greatest sources of seismic hazard in and offshore of southwest New Zealand.

South Island↗
USGS2026

Interplay between tectonics and submarine mass transport deposits in Cortes Basin: New high-resolution geophysics in the Outer California Borderland

The Outer California Borderland (OCB) is an active transform plate boundary offshore Southern California, where the relationship between faulting and submarine mass transport deposits (MTDs) remains poorly understood. Onshore paleoseismic data provide high-resolution earthquake records, whereas marine geophysical data capture longer-term histories. Offshore fault systems pose hazards to infrastructure and dense coastal populations, particularly when linked to submarine landslides. We present new high-resolution geophysical data set (cruise SR2303), including bathymetric and CHIRP sub-bottom data integrated with legacy seismic reflection data and chronostratigraphic constraints from ODP Site 1012 to examine Quaternary MTD recurrence and tectonic controls in the Cortes Basin, OCB. Bathymetry shows deformational features, including slide scarps and previously unmapped fault segments with evidence of Holocene activity. CHIRP profiles reveal 10 stacked MTDs in the East Cortes Basin and 8 in the West Cortes Basin, spanning ∼752 ka with an average recurrence of ∼83.6 ± 1 ka. Acoustic imaging shows 7 MTD intervals coinciding with fault offset increments and fault growth suggesting earthquake-triggered mass wasting. A strong association between MTD occurrences and sea-level extremes also supports glacio-eustatic contribution to slope failure. Stratigraphic correlations suggest quasi-synchronous MTDs across the eastern and western areas, likely triggered by larger eathquakes in the Quaternary. Although the identified MTDs occur relatively far from the Southern California coast, they still pose a potential tsunamigenic hazard requiring further assessment. Moreover, if linked to earthquakes along major strike-slip faults, for example, the Ferrelo fault, the MTDs may provide valuable proxies to constrain rupture scenarios and fault connectivity within the understudied OCB.

California↗
USGS2026

An entropic explanation for Gutenberg-Richter scaling

We develop a simple explanation for Gutenberg-Richter (G-R) size scaling of earthquakes on a single fault. We discretize the fault and consider all possible contiguous ruptures at that level of discretization. In this static model, we assume that slip scales with rupture length, and that the rupture rates at each point along the fault are consistent with an a priori long-term slip rate. These simple assumptions define an (under-determined) non-negative least-squares inverse problem. Each solution to this inverse problem is a set of earthquake rates that matches the slip-rate constraint. We use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to uniformly sample the solution space assuming constant slip rates along the fault. At finer discretizations, deviations from G-R behavior decrease, which is consistent with an entropic pressure towards G-R solutions. When the fault is discretized into 10 or more segments, random solutions found by the MCMC algorithm have G-R size scaling, even though there are trivial solutions that, for example, have earthquakes of only one size. This is because there are simply far more solutions that have G-R scaling; as the problem size increases, the strong degeneracy of GR solutions results in other solutions becoming improbably rare. Also, the entropically favored G-R distribution has a b -value of approximately 1, which agrees with measured b -values in real earthquake catalogs.

JGR Solid Earth↗
USGS2025

A glimpse into the future of tectonic tremor monitoring

Tectonic tremor is a weak, long-duration seismic signal often observed in subduction zones and on some other plate-bounding faults. Because of tremor's characteristically low amplitude (and low signal-to-noise) and lack of clear phase arrivals, detecting and locating tremor usually requires techniques distinct from those applied to typical earthquakes. Major advances in detection and understanding of tremor have derived in the past from a powerful combination of new data and new analysis techniques. In a recent study, Sagae et al. (2025, https://doi.org/10.1029/2025jb031348 ) exploit that combination again, developing a new machine-learning based workflow and applying it to the S-net cabled seismic network in the Japan trench offshore northern Honshu. Their approach, although complex, succeeds in detecting several times more tremor activity than earlier studies, resulting in new insights and providing a blueprint for similar approaches that could be applied elsewhere. As real-time earthquake monitoring adopts similar tools, it may present an opportunity to bring tremor monitoring into operational workflows. In turn, this could solidify tremor monitoring as a component of future operational earthquake forecasting.

JGR Solid Earth↗
USGS2025

To heal or not to heal?: 2. The moment-recurrence time behavior of repeating earthquakes in the 2011 Prague, Oklahoma aftershock sequence is consistent with laboratory healing rates

The timing and failure conditions of an earthquake are governed by the interplay between fault reloading and restrengthening. The moment-recurrence time behavior of repeating earthquakes can give observational estimates of fault healing rates; however, it is difficult to link these observed healing rates to laboratory studies of frictional healing in part because of uncertainty in lithology. Here, we study the 2011 Prague earthquake sequence, which includes repeating earthquakes in the Arbuckle group and the granitic basement, and compare them to laboratory experiments on samples of the Arbuckle and Troy granite (representative of the basement rock) (Okamoto et al., 2025, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030573 ). We find three spatially distinct groups of repeating earthquakes with different moment-recurrence behavior: (a) constant moment-recurrence time in the Arbuckle group, (b) scattered moment-recurrence time at the intersection of the foreshock-mainshock fault in the granitic basement, and (c) moment-predictable behavior outside of the foreshock-mainshock fault intersection also in the granitic basement. Our observation of stagnant healing for repeating sequences in the Arbuckle group is consistent with laboratory observations of low healing rates for moderately high pore fluid pressures in Arbuckle samples. For the moment-predictable group, the source radius that is required in order to match healing rates is consistent with source radius estimations when taking into account reasonable attenuation of the P- pulse width. Overall, we observe diverse healing behaviors in the seismic families that are consistent with laboratory healing rates, providing seismic evidence that contact-scale frictional mechanisms are relevant to large-scale earthquake dynamics.

Oklahoma↗
USGS2025

To heal or not to heal?: 1. The effect of pore fluid pressure on the frictional healing behavior of lithologies in Oklahoma

The competition between fault healing (i.e., re-strengthening) and fault loading determines the timing and magnitude of fault failure within the seismic cycle. Repeating earthquakes can give observational estimates of fault healing rates, however, it is difficult to link laboratory studies of frictional healing and observed healing rates from repeating earthquakes in part because of uncertainty in lithology at depth. Due to well-constrained and relatively simple geology, earthquakes in Oklahoma can be linked to the granitic basement rock and to the Arbuckle Group, which is primarily composed of dolomite at earthquake depths. Here, we conduct friction experiments to measure healing rates of the two earthquake-bearing lithologies at confining pressures representative of earthquake depths and pore pressures ranging from 0% to 80% of the confining pressure. We measure frictional healing by executing slide-hold-slide tests with hold times ranging from 3 s to 3000 s. The friction experiments on the Troy Granite indicate that pore fluid pressure does not greatly affect healing rate. On the other hand, the dolomite of the Arbuckle Group exhibits decreased healing with increased pore fluid pressure, with weakening at the highest pore pressure. We hypothesize that this is due to an increase in dissolution of dolomite at high pore pressures/low effective normal stress. These healing rates are used in the companion paper to understand the moment-recurrence time behavior of repeating earthquakes in Prague, Oklahoma. This work has implications for possible enhanced dissolution and weakening behavior of the Arbuckle Group during wastewater injection activities.

Oklahoma↗
USGS2025

Induced earthquakes are generally not tidally triggered in Oklahoma and Kansas

Human-induced earthquakes occur along critically stressed faults as injected wastewater simultaneously heightens fluid pressure and pushes faults to failure. We investigate the possibility that small stresses imposed by Earth tides could trigger earthquakes in the induced seismicity region of Oklahoma and Kansas from 2011 to 2018. We decluster a catalog consisting of ∼110,000 earthquakes using three methods (Reasenberg, nearest-neighbor distance, and phase-bin). We find no significant tidal earthquake triggering using Schuster's p -value test for the declustered catalogs as a whole. We search for localized triggering using discretized space-time cells and find ∼0–6% of cells have significant tidal triggering which is close to what is randomly expected (5%) and indicates there is an insignificant amount of tidal triggering for the full study region. One area that has significant p -values across multiple time windows, ∼2014–2016 is ∼15 km from a region of large wastewater injection volume. It is possible that localized tidal triggering occurs for this time and area because faults remain critically stressed and are particularly susceptible to slip under the small stress load from the semidiurnal tide. Possible explanations for the lack of tidal triggering in our broader study are that the pre-seismic stressing rate in the earthquake nucleation area is faster than the tidal stressing rate (∼3 kPa/day), faults are not close enough to critically stressed to be affected by tidal forcing, and that nucleation occurs over longer periods than the tides considered in this study (∼1, ∼14 days). Fluid injection could be the source of a higher pre-seismic stress rate.

Kansas, Oklahoma↗
USGS2025

False positives in the identification of dynamic earthquake triggering

Dynamic earthquake triggering is commonly identified through the temporal correlation between increased seismicity rates and global earthquakes that are possible triggering events. However, correlation does not imply causation. False positives may occur when unrelated seismicity rate changes coincidently occur at around the time of candidate triggers. We investigate the expected false positive rate in Southern California with global M ≥ 6 earthquakes as candidate triggers. We compute the false positive rate by applying the statistical tests used by DeSalvio and Fan (2023), https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jb026487 to synthetic earthquake catalogs with no real dynamic triggering. We find a false positive rate of ∼3.5%–8.5% when realistic earthquake clustering is present, consistent with the 95% confidence typically used in seismology. However, when this false positive rate is applied to the tens of thousands of spatial-temporal windows in Southern California tested in DeSalvio and Fan (2023), https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jb026487 , thousands of false positives are expected. The expected false positive occurrence is large enough to explain the observed apparent triggering following 70% of large global earthquakes (DeSalvio & Fan, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jb026487 ), without requiring any true dynamic triggering. Aside from the known triggering from the nearby El Mayor-Cucapah, Mexico, earthquake, the spatial and temporal characteristics of the reported triggering are indistinguishable from random false positives. This implies that best practice for dynamic triggering studies that depend on temporal correlation is to estimate the false positive rate and investigate whether the observed apparent triggering is distinguishable from the correlations that may occur by chance.

JGR Solid Earth↗
USGS2025

Three-dimensional seismic velocity models for the San Francisco Bay region, California from joint body-wave and surface-wave tomography validated by waveform simulation

A high-resolution seismic velocity model for both P and S waves is essential for the San Francisco Bay (SFB) region to accurately simulate earthquake ground motions and assess seismic hazards in this high-risk region. We present new three-dimensional P-wave and S-wave velocity (Vp and Vs) models of the SFB region developed using joint tomographic inversion with a rich set of earthquake and active-source body-wave data and ambient-noise surface-wave data. We designed a dynamic balance strategy to effectively balance the contributions of body-wave and surface-wave data during each iteration of the inversion. Owing to the complementary resolution of body-wave and surface-wave data, our new models are significantly improved compared to previous tomographic models. Major geologic features in the SFB region, including low-velocity basins, high-velocity Franciscan Complex, granite, and gabbro rocks, and across-fault velocity contrasts, are imaged in our Vp and Vs models. Compared to the geology-based U.S. Geological Survey velocity model, our new model has better defined structures for some important areas that are of great concern for seismic hazard assessment, such as the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, and the 2014 magnitude 6.0 South Napa earthquake area. We validated our model by simulating waveforms for a set of moderate-magnitude earthquakes. The good performance of our model in waveform simulation indicates its potential for improving ground motion simulation and seismic hazard assessment in the SFB region.

California↗
USGS2025

Multi-scale geophysical imaging of a hydrothermal system in Yellowstone National Park, USA

Little is known about the local plumbing systems that fuel Yellowstone’s famous hot springs, geysers and mud pots. A multi-method, multi-scale geophysical investigation was carried out in the Obsidian Pool Thermal Area (OPTA) to: (i) delineate the lateral extent of the hydrothermal area and associated surface features; (ii) estimate the dimensions of the upflow zone and identify its main controlling structures; (iii) assess fluids circulation pathways from depth to surface. Ground and airborne geophysical data were acquired to connect local and regional scales, from shallow to large depths. Maps of surface electrical resistivity show a strong correlation with hydrothermal features. At in-termediate depths, electrical resistivity permits delineating the upper limit of the upflow zone, while Poisson’s ratio highlights differences in subsurface fluid content. Combining these results with surface observations and topographic information, we speculate that differential mixing of hydrothermal and fresh water could explain the wide diversity of features observed at OPTA. Low electrical resistivity observed at large depths also suggest that a vast upflow zone, controlled by rhyolite flows and conjugate faults, underlies the OPTA. We speculate that hydrothermal fluids rise along fractures and reach the surface in topographic lows to form hydrothermal features. Our results show that synoptic, multi-scale geophysical measurements provide a roadmap for understanding where and how geologic heterogeneity, topography, fluid-gas separation, and the mixing of thermal and meteoric waters conspire to produce the wide variety of Yellowstone’s renowned hydrothermal features.

Wyoming↗
USGS2025

A high-resolution 3-D P-wave velocity structure of the south-central Cascadia subduction zone from wide-angle shore-crossing seismic refraction data

This study addresses a significant gap in understanding the features of the south-central Cascadia subduction zone, a region characterized by complex geologic, tectonic, and seismic transitions both offshore and onshore. Unlike other segments along this margin, this area lacks a 3-D velocity model to delineate its structural and geological features on a fine scale. To address this void, we developed a high-resolution 3-D P-wave velocity model using active source seismic data from ship-borne seismic shots recorded on temporary and permanent onshore seismic stations and ocean-bottom seismometers. Our model shows velocity variations across the region with distinct velocity-depth profiles for the Siletz, Franciscan, and Klamath terranes in the overlying plate. We identified seaward dipping high-velocity static backstops associated with the Siletz and Klamath terranes, situated near the shoreline and further inland, respectively. Regions of reduced crustal velocity are associated with crustal faults. Moreover, there is significant along-strike depth variation in the subducting slab, which is about 4 km deeper near the thick, dense Siletz terrane and becomes shallower near the predominantly less-dense Franciscan terrane. This highlights a sudden tectonic and geologic transition at the southern boundary of the Siletz terrane. Our velocity model also indicates slightly increased hydration, though still minimal, in both the oceanic crust and the upper mantle of the subducting plate compared to other parts of the margin.

British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington↗
Compare source metadata on this page
WorkPublishedSource identifierSource
Fully contained laboratory earthquakes: The effect of asperity aspect ratio and free surfaces2026-09-0370280096usgs
Tectonic controls on volcanism and associated hydrothermal activity in a sediment-dominated mid-ocean ridge; Escanaba Trough2026-07-1570277279usgs
Structural evolution and slip rate variations through time of the Puente-Hills blind-thrust fault beneath Los Angeles: Implications for seismic hazard and folding kinematics2026-06-1070280084usgs
Cajon Pass and the southern San Andreas Fault System: Earthquake cycle stress accumulation and present-day loading2026-06-0370277759usgs
A temporal look at the influence of topographic amplification on earthquake-triggered landslides in 3D seismic simulations2026-04-1770277758usgs
Compact seismicity bursts have different characteristics from regional seismicity2026-03-2470275221usgs
From collision to subduction: Thermal-kinematic inversions constrain plate boundary structure and dip-slip activity in southwestern New Zealand2026-02-1470277756usgs
Interplay between tectonics and submarine mass transport deposits in Cortes Basin: New high-resolution geophysics in the Outer California Borderland2026-02-0470274663usgs
An entropic explanation for Gutenberg-Richter scaling2026-01-1070273800usgs
A glimpse into the future of tectonic tremor monitoring2025-09-1770273507usgs
To heal or not to heal?: 2. The moment-recurrence time behavior of repeating earthquakes in the 2011 Prague, Oklahoma aftershock sequence is consistent with laboratory healing rates2025-09-1670271504usgs
To heal or not to heal?: 1. The effect of pore fluid pressure on the frictional healing behavior of lithologies in Oklahoma2025-09-1670277742usgs
Induced earthquakes are generally not tidally triggered in Oklahoma and Kansas2025-08-3070272751usgs
False positives in the identification of dynamic earthquake triggering2025-06-2970269617usgs
Three-dimensional seismic velocity models for the San Francisco Bay region, California from joint body-wave and surface-wave tomography validated by waveform simulation2025-06-2370276845usgs
Multi-scale geophysical imaging of a hydrothermal system in Yellowstone National Park, USA2025-03-2870265533usgs
A high-resolution 3-D P-wave velocity structure of the south-central Cascadia subduction zone from wide-angle shore-crossing seismic refraction data2025-02-1270263552usgs

These are bibliographic comparisons, not experimental rankings. Follow the original document for methods and conditions.