Geology topics
E.R. Jacobson
Publications and source records attributed to E.R. Jacobson.
Mycoplasma agassizii sp., nov., isolated from the upper respiratory tract of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) and the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus).
Biochemical, serological and molecular genetic studies were performed on seven mycoplasma isolates that were recovered from the upper respiratory tract of clinically ill desert tortoises. The isolates were serologically related to each other but serologically distinct from previously described species. Unique mycoplasma species-specific 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences were found in the proposed type strain. The name Mycoplasma agassizii is proposed for these isolates. The type strain is PS6 T (=ATCC 700616 T ) which caused upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) in experimentally infected tortoises.
Soluble scute proteins of healthy and ill desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii)
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Pathology of diseases in wild desert tortoises from California
Twenty-four ill or dead desert tortoises ( Gopherus agassizii ) were received between March 1992 and July 1995 for necropsies from the Mojave and Colorado deserts of California (USA). Diseases observed in these animals included cutaneous dyskeratosis ( n = 7); shell necrosis ( n = 2); respiratory diseases ( n = 7); urolithiasis ( n = 3); and trauma ( n = 5). In tortoises with cutaneous dyskeratosis the horn layer of shell was disrupted by multiple crevices and fissures and, in the most severe lesions, dermal bone showed osteoclastic resorption, remodeling, and osteopenia. In tortoises with shell necrosis, multiple foci of necrotic cell debris and heterophilic inflammation within the epidermal horn layer were subtended by necrotic dermal bone colonized by bacteria and fungi. Of the seven tortoises with respiratory disease, five were diagnosed with mycoplasmosis. The diagnosis of mycoplasmosis was based on the presence of chronic proliferative rhinitis and positive serologic tests and/or isolation of Mycoplasma sp. Chronic fungal pneumonia was diagnosed in one tortoise with respiratory disease. In the three tortoises with urolithiasis, two were discovered dead, and the live tortoise had renal and articular gout. Traumatic injuries consisted of one tortoise entombed within its burrow, one tortoise burned in a brush fire, two tortoises struck by moving vehicles, and one tortoise attacked by a predator. While the primary cause of illness could be attributed to one or two major disease processes, lesions were often found in multiple organ systems, and a variety of etiologies were responsible for morbidity and mortality.
Staining and morphology of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii)
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Cutaneous dyskeratosis in free-ranging desert tortoises, Gopherus agassizii, in the Colorado Desert of Southern California
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Problems with using weight versus carapace length relationships to assess tortoise health
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